Isoindolo[2, 1-A]quinazoline derivatives for stabilization of organic materials

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a composition, which comprises a) an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation, which is a polymer, an oligohydroxy compound, a wax, a fat or a mineral oil, with the proviso that the polymer is not a polypeptide, agar-agar or a component of agar-agar and the oligohydroxy compound is not glucose or a component of agar-agar; and b) a compound of formula (I) n is 1, 2, 3 or 4; when n is 1, R 5  is H, C 1 -C 30 -alkyl, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 -aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, C 1 -C 8 -alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl, C 7 -C 13 -aralkyl, C 2 -C 22 -alkenyl, C 3 -C 12 -alkinyl, OH, C 1 -C 30 -alkyloxy, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyloxy, C 6 -C 12 -aryloxy, C 7 -C 13 -aralkyloxy, hydroxy-C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, carboxy-C 1 -C 12 -alkyl, C 1 -C 12 -alkoxycarbonyl-C 1 -C 12 -alkyl, C 2 -C 30 -alkyl, which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C 2 -C 16 -alkyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom, or NR′ 1 R′ 2 ; when n is 2, R 5  is C 1 -C 12 -alkane-diyl, C 6 -C 14 -arylene, C 4 -C 8 -cycloalkane-bis-(C 1 -C 4 -alkylene), C 6 -C 14 -arene-bis-(C 1 -C 4 -alkylene), C 4 -C 24 -alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C 4 -C 20 -alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C 1 -C 8 -alkyl)- or —N(hydroxy-C 1 -C 8 -alkyl)-, piperazine-N,N′-bis-(C 1 -C 4 -alkylene) or C 2 -C 10 -alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom; R 1  to R 4  and R 6  to R 9  are each independently from each other H, C 1 -C 12 -alkyl, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 22 -alkenyl, C 1 -C 12 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 12 -alkylsulfanyl, hydroxy- C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, halogen, NR″ 1 R″ 2 , NO 2 , CN, phenyl, phenyloxy or R 1  and R 2  or R 2  and R 3  or R 3  and R 4  or R 6  and R 7  or R 7  and R 8  or R 8  and R 9  are linked together to form a five- or 6-membered alicylic, aromatic or heterocyclic ring together with their 2 corresponding carbons atoms, to which they are attached.

Organic materials are susceptible to degradation, which can be inducedby heat, light and/or oxidation. For the reduction of such adegradation, numerous solutions in regard to an incorporation oraddition of a stabilizer are proposed.

There is still a need for further technical solutions towardsstabilisation of organic material against the detrimental impact ofheat, light and/or oxidation.

Annali di Chemica, 64, 1974, pages 421 to 424 discloses the synthesis of6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione by condensation ofanthranilic acid amide and phthalaldehydic acid. Furthermore, thesynthesis of6-methyl-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione bycondensation of 2-amino-N-methyl-benzamide and phthalaldehydic acid isdisclosed.

Annali di Chemica, 64, 1974, pages 445 to 453 discloses the synthesis of6-hydroxy-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione (CAS-No.57560-87-9) by condensation of 2-amino-N-hydroxy-benzamide andphthalaldehydic acid.

Russian Chemical Bulletin, International Edition, 2008, Vol. 57, 11,pages 2340 to 2348 discloses the synthesis of6-amino-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione,6-dimethylamino-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione andN-(5,11-dioxo-6a,11-dihydro-5H-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazolin-6-yl)-acetamide.

Chemical Communications, 2011, 47, pages 5010 to 5012, discloses athree-component reaction, which yieldsisoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione derivatives. Some of theseobtained derivatives act as an inhibitor of Tumor Necresis Factor-alpha,which is a key cytokine mediator involved in the inflammatory response.

US-A-2009/0163545 discloses inter alia the protocol of an assay, inwhich compounds are screened for their ability to alter the lifespan ofeukaryontic cells. In the assay, a tested compound gets in contact withan aqueous solution comprising agar-agar, which containsheteropolysaccharids, up to 70% agarose and up to 30% agaropektin,polypeptides like in peptones and glucose. Inter alia, the followingspecific isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline derivatives are reported to havebeen screened:(S)-6a-6-Phenyl-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione(CAS-No. 1164490-21-4),6-o-Tolyl-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione (CAS-No.375834-34-7),6-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-9,10-dimethoxy-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione(CAS-No. 375829-57-5),9,10-Dimethoxy-6-phenyl-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione(CAS-No. 374771-80-9),6-Furan-2-ylmethyl-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione(CAS-No. 383149-01-7),6-(2-Fluoro-phenyl)-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione(CAS-No. 374914-81-5) and6-hydroxy-6,6a-dihydro-isoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione (CAS-No.57560-87-9).

It has now been found that a specific group ofisoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline derivatives is suitable for stabilization ofan organic material against degradation by heat, light and/or oxidation.

The present invention relates to a composition, which comprises

a) an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal orlight-induced degradation, which is a polymer, an oligohydroxy compound,a wax, a fat or a mineral oil, with the proviso that the polymer is nota polypeptide, agar-agar or a component of agar-agar and theoligohydroxy compound is not glucose or a component of agar-agar; and

b) a compound of formula I

wherein

-   when n is 1,-   R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is    unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen    or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl, C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₃-C₁₂-alkinyl, OH,    C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy, C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy,    C₇-C₁₂-aralkyloxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₃₀-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₂-C₁₆-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one sulfur atom, or NR′₁R′₂;-   when n is 2,-   R₅ is C₁-C₁₂-alkane-diyl, C₆-C₁₄-arylene,    C₄-C₈-cycloalkane-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene),    C₆-C₁₄-arene-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene), C₄-C₂₄-alkane-diyl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₄-C₂₀-alkane-diyl, which    is interrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or    —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-, piperazine-N,N′-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) or    C₄-C₁₀-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom;-   when n is 3,-   R₅ is C₅-C₁₂-alkane-triyl, C₅-C₂₄-alkane-triyl, which is interrupted    by one or more oxygen atoms, or C₅-C₂₄-alkane-triyl, which is    interrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or    —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-;-   when n is 4,-   R₅ is C₅-C₂₄-alkane-tetrayl, C₆-C₂₄-alkane-tetrayl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or C₆-C₂₄-alkane-tetrayl,    which is interrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or    —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-;-   n is 1, 2, 3 or 4;-   R₁ to R₄ and R₆ to R₉ are each independently from each other H,    C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy,    C₁-C₁₂-alkylsulfanyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, halogen, NR″₁R″₂, NO₂,    CN, phenyl, phenyloxy or R₁ and R₂ or R₂ and R₃ or R₃ and R₄ or R₆    and R₇ or R₇ and R₈ or R₈ and R₉ are linked together to form a five-    or 6-membered alicylic, aromatic or heterocyclic ring together with    their 2 corresponding carbons atoms, to which they are attached; and-   R′₁, R′₂, R″₁ and R″₂ are each independently from each other H,    C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl,    C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted    by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl,    carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, or    carboxy-C₆-C₁₀-aryl, or R′₁ and R′₂ or R″₁ and R″₂ form together    with the nitrogen atom, to which they are attached, a 5- or    6-membered alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic ring.

A compound of formula I possess at least one asymmetric carbon atom,i.e. the carbon atom at the 6a-position of theisoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline derivative, which results in enantiomers.The invention relates to any one of these enantiomers or mixturesthereof. Several combinations of substituents at formula I lead to thepresence of at least two asymmetric carbon atoms, which results indiastereomers. The invention relates to any one of these diastereomersor mixtures thereof.

C₁-C₃₀-alkyl is linear or branched and for example methyl, ethyl,n-propyl, 1-methyl-ethyl, n-butyl, 1-methyl-propyl, 2-methyl-propyl,1,1-dimethyl-ethyl, n-pentyl, 1-methyl-butyl, 3-methyl-butyl, n-hexyl,1-methyl-pentyl, 2-methyl-pentyl, 4-methyl-pentyl, 2-ethyl-butyl,n-heptyl, 1-methyl-hexyl, n-octyl, 1-methyl-heptyl, 2-ethyl-hexyl,5,5-dimethyl-hexyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-butyl, n-nonyl, 2-ethyl-heptyl,n-decyl, undecyl, n-dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl,n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl or behenyl. Preferred is C₁-C₁₈-alkyl, inparticular C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, especially C₁-C₈-alkyl and very especiallyC₁-C₄-alkyl.

C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₄-alkyl and isfor example cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, 3,4-dimethyl-cyclopentyl,cyclohexyl, 4-methyl-cyclohexyl, 4-(1-methylethyl)-cyclohexyl,4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-cyclohexyl, 3,5-dimethyl-cyclohexyl,5-methyl-2-(1-methyl-ethyl)-cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or cyclooctyl.Preferred is C₅-C₇-cycloalkyl, in particular cyclohexyl.

C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl,C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl, is for example phenyl,2-methyl-phenyl, 3-methyl-phenyl, 4-methyl-phenyl, 2,4-dimethyl-phenyl,3,5-dimethyl-phenyl, 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenyl,4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylpentyl)-phenyl, naphthalen-1-yl, naphthalen-2-yl,6-methyl-naphthalen-2-yl, 4-phenyl-phenyl, 2-methoxy-phenyl,3-methoxy-phenyl, 4-methoxy-phenyl, 2-ethoxyphenyl, 3-ethoxy-phenyl,3-(n-propoxy)-phenyl, 4-(1,1-dimethylethoxy)-phenyl, 2-chloro-phenyl,3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2-chloro-4-methylphenyl. Preferred isC₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl orC₁-C₈-alkoxy. Especially preferred is phenyl, which is unsubstituted orsubstituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl. Particularly preferred is phenyl.

C₇-C₁₃-aralkyl is for example benzyl, 4-methyl-benzyl, 2-phenyl-ethyl,3,5-dimethylbenzyl, 1-phenyl-1,1-dimethyl-methyl, 3-phenyl-propyl,3-phenyl-2-methyl-propyl, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-benzyl or4-phenyl-phenyl-methyl. Preferred is benzyl.

C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl is linear or branched and for example vinyl, allyl, Z- orE-but-2-ene-yl, Z- or E-but-3-ene-yl, Z- or E-pent-2-ene-yl,pent-4-ene-yl, Z- or E-2-methyl-but-2-ene-yl,

-   Z- or E-3-methyl-but-3-ene-yl, Z- or E-hex-1-ene-yl, Z- or    E-hexadec-9-ene-yl or Z- or E-octadec-9-ene-yl,    (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-diene-yl,    (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-triene-yl, (13Z)-docos-13-ene-yl or    (13E)-docosene-yl. Preferred is allyl.

C₃-C₁₂-alkinyl is linear or branched and for example propargyl,but-2-ine-yl or undec-11-ine-yl.

C₁-C₃₀-alkoxy is linear or branched and for example methoxy, ethoxy,n-propoxy, 1-methyl-ethoxy, n-butoxy, 1-methyl-propoxy,1,1-dimethyl-ethoxy, n-pentoxy, 2-methyl-pentoxy, 2-ethyl-butoxy,1-methyl-hexoxy, n-octoxy, 1-methyl-heptoxy, 2-ethyl-hexoxy,1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-butoxy, 2-ethyl-heptyloxy, n-decyloxy, undecyloxy,n-dodecyloxy, tridecyloxy, tetradecyloxy, pentadecyloxy, n-hexadecyloxy,n-octadecyloxy or behenyloxy. Preferred is C₁-C₁₈-alkoxy, in particularC₁-C₁₂-alkoxy, especially C₁-C₈-alkoxy and very especially C₁-C₄-alkoxy.Particularly preferred is methoxy and n-propoxy.

C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₄-alkyl andfor example cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy,3,4-dimethyl-cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, 4-methyl-cyclohexyloxy,4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-cyclohexyloxy, 3,5-dimethyl-cyclohexyloxy,cycloheptyloxy or cyclooctyloxy. Preferred is C₅-C₇-cycloalkyloxy, inparticular cyclohexyloxy.

C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₄-alkyl and forexample phenoxy, 2-methyl-phenoxy, 3-methyl-phenyoxy, 4-methyl-phenoxy,2,4-dimethyl-phenoxy, 3,5-dimethyl-phenoxy,4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenoxy, 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylpentyl)phenoxy or4-phenyl-phenoxy. Preferred is phenoxy. C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy isunsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₄-alkyl and for example benzyloxy,4-methyl-benzyloxy, 2-phenyl-ethyloxy, 3,5-dimethylbenzyloxy,1-phenyl-1,1-dimethyl-methyloxy, 3-phenyl-propyloxy,3,5-di-tert-butyl-benzyl or 4-phenyl-phenyl-methyl. Preferred isbenzyloxy.

Hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl is linear or branched and for example hydroxymethyl,1-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl,2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl, 3-hydroxy-propyl, 2-hydroxy-butyl,4-hydroxy-butyl, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-butyl or 2,3-dihydroxy-propyl.Preferred is 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl.

Carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl is linear or branched and for examplecarboxymethyl, 2-carboxyethyl, 2-carboxy-2-methylethyl, 3-carboxypropyl,4-carboxybutyl or 5-carboxypentyl. Preferred is carboxymethyl or2-carboxyethyl.

C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy-carbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl is linear or branched and forexample methoxy-carbonyl-methyl, ethoxy-carbonyl-methyl,2-(ethoxy-carbonyl)-ethyl, 2-(methoxy-carbonyl)-2-methylethyl,2-(1,1-dimethylethoxy-carbonyl)-2-methylethyl or2-ethylhexyl-cabonyl-ethyl. Preferred is 2-(ethoxy-carbonyl)-ethyl.

C₂-C₃₀-alkyl, which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, islinear or branched and for example methoxy-methyl, 2-methoxy-ethyl,2-ethoxy-ethyl, 2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethyl, 2-n-butoxy-ethyl,2-[2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethoxy]-ethyl,2-[2-[2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethoxy]-ethoxy]-ethyl,2-(2-methoxy-1-methyl-ethoxy)-1-methyl-ethyl, 3-(n-propoxy)-propyl,2-[2-[2-(2-n-butoxy-ethoxy)-ethoxy]-ethoxy]-ethyl,2-[2-(2-n-butoxy-2-methyl-ethoxy)-2-methyl-ethoxy]-2-methyl-ethyl or2-[(2-n-lauryl)-ethoxy]-ethyl. Preferred is 2-methoxy-ethyl or2-ethoxy-ethyl.

C₂-C₁₆-alkyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom, is linear orbranched and for example 2-(methyl-sulfanyl)-ethyl, 3-thiaundecyl or3-thiapentadecyl.

Halogen is for example a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or a iodine atom.Preferred is a chlorine atom.

C₁-C₁₂-alkane-diyl is linear or branched and for example ethylene,1-methyl-ethane-1,2-diyl, n-propylene, n-butylene,2-methyl-butane-1,4-diyl, hexamethylene or decane-1,10-diyl.

C₄-C₈-cycloalkylene is for example cyclopentane-1,2-diyl,cyclopentane-1,3-diyl, cyclohexane-1,4-diyl, cyclohexane-1,2-diyl,cyclooctane-1,2-diyl or cycloheptane-1,3-diyl.

C₆-C₁₄-arylene is for example 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene,2,3-dimethyl-benzene-1,4-diyl, biphenyl-4,4′-diyl, naphtalene-2,6-diylor naphthalene-1,4-diyl.

C₄-C₈-cycloalkane-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) is for examplecyclopentane-1,3-bismethylene, cyclohexane-1,4-bismethylene,cyclohexane-1,3-bismethylene, cyclohexane-1,4-bisethylene orcyclohexane-1,4-bis(1-methyl-ethane-1,2-diyl).

C₆-C₁₄-arene-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) is linear or branched and for examplebenzene-1,3-bismethylene, benzene-1,4-bismethylene,napthaline-1,4-bismethylene, napthaline-2,6-bismethylene,5-methyl-benzene-1,3-bismethylene,5-tert-butyl-benzene-1,3-bismethylene, benzene-1,4-bisethylene,benzene-1,4-bis-(1-methyl-ethan-1,2-diyl) or biphenyl-4,4′-bismethylene.

C₄-C₂₄-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, islinear or branched and for example ethoxy-ethane-2′,1-diyl,—(CH₂CH₂—O)₂—CH₂CH₂—, —(CH₂CH₂—O)₃—CH₂CH₂—, —CH(CH₃)CH₂—O—CH(CH₃)CH₂—,—[CH(CH₃)CH₂—O]₂—CH(CH₃)CH₂—, —CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂—O—CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂— or—(CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂—O)₂—CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂—. Preferred is ethoxy-ethane-2′,1-diylor —(CH₂CH₂—O)₂—CH₂CH₂—.

C₄-C₂₀-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one or more —NH—,—N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-, is linear or branched andfor example 3-aza-pentane-1,5-diyl, 4-azaheptane-1,7-diyl,—CH₂CH₂—NH—CH₂CH₂—NH—CH₂CH₂—, —CH₂—C(CH₃)H—NH—CH₂—CH₂—NH—C(CH₃)H—CH₂—,—CH₂CH₂—NH—CH₂CH₂CH₂—NH—CH₂CH₂—,—CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—NH—CH₂—CH₂—NH—CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—, 3-methyl-3-azapentane-1,5-diyl,3-ethyl-3-azahexane-1,6-diyl, 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-azanonane-1,9-diyl,4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-azaheptane or5,8-dimethyl-5,8-diazadodecane-1,12-diyl.

Piperazine-N,N′-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) is linear or branched and forexample 2-[4-(2-amino-ethyl)piperazine-1-yl]-ethanamine-1,2″-diyl.

C₂-C₁₀-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom, is linearor branched and for example is for example thio-bismethylene,2-(methylsulfanyl)-ethyl-1,1′-diyl, 2-(ethylsulfanyl)-ethyl-1,2′-diyl,3-(propylsulfanyl)-propyl-1,3′-diyl, —CH(CH₃)CH₂—S—CH(CH₃)—CH₂— or—CH(CH₃)CH₂—S—CH₂—CH(CH₃)—.

C₅-C₁₂-alkane-triyl is linear or branched and for example2,2-dimethyl-propane-1,3,1′-triyl, 3-(ethyl)-pentane-1,5,2′-triyl or4-methyl-4-(propyl)-heptane-1,7,3′-triyl.

C₄-C₂₄-alkane-triyl, which is interrupted by one or more —NH—,—N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl), is linear or branched andfor example 3-ethyl-3-azapentane-1,5,2′-triyl or4-propyl-4-azaheptane-1,7,3′-triyl.

C₅-C₂₄-alkane-tetrayl is linear or branched and for example2,2-dimethyl-propane-1,3,1′,1″-tetrayl,3,3-diethyl-pentane-1,5,2′,2″-tetrayl or4,4-dipropyl-heptane-1,7,3′,3″-tetrayl.

C₁-C₁₂-alkylsulfanyl is linear or branched and for examplemethysulfanyl, ethylsulfanyl, n-butylsulfanyl,1,1-dimethylethylsulfanyl, n-octylsulfanyl or n-dodecylsulfanyl.

A five- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring is for example is for examplepyrrolidine, piperidine, azepane, morpholine or 2,6-dimethyl-morpholine.

If reference is made in this description to an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation, then itis understood that this organic material is a polymer, an oligohydroxycompound, a wax, a fat or a mineral oil, with the proviso that thepolymer is not a polypeptide, agar-agar or a component of agar-agar andthe oligohydroxy compound is not glucose or a component of agar-agar

A polymer is defined herein according to the Organization for EconomicCo-operation and Development and is a substance consisting of moleculescharacterized by the sequence of one or more types of monomer units andcomprising a simple weight majority of molecules containing at leastthree monomer units which are covalently bound to at least one othermonomer unit or other reactant and consists of less than a simple weightmajority of molecules of the same molecular weight. Such molecules mustbe distributed over a range of molecular weights wherein differences inthe molecular weight are primarily attributable to differences in thenumber of monomer units. In the context of this definition a monomerunit means the reacted form of a monomer in a polymer.

A polypeptide is a specific polymer, which is obtainable by thepolycondensation of α-aminoacids of the general formulaH₂N—CH(substituent)-COOH or copolymers thereof, wherein the content ofthe condensed α-aminoacids in the polymer is at least 50% of the weightof the polymer.

Agar-agar is a natural product from the cell wall of algae. It is amixture comprising gelling agarose (up to 70% by weight) and non-gellingagaropektin (up to 30% by weight). Agarose (CAS-No. 9012-36-6) is alinear polysaccharide out of D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose,which are alternating β-1->4 and α-1->3 glycosidically linked.Agaropektin is a linear polysaccharide mainly out of D-galactose, whichis β-1->3 glycosidically linked, wherein some 0-positions are partiallyesterified with sulphuric acid and wherein some 3,6-anhydro-L-galactoseand uronic acids units are also contained.

A polymer can be natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic. A natural polymeris isolated from a natural source without further syntheticmodifications. A synthetic polymer does not contain a polymer partisolated from a natural source. A semi-synthetic polymer contains atleast one natural polymer part, wherein the natural polymer part can besynthetically modified and/or reacted with monomers to form thesemi-synthetic polymer.

A polymer can be thermoplastic, i.e. it can be shaped into a new form atan elevated temperature, for example at a temperature in the range from135° C. to 350° C., especially from 150° C. to 340° C.

Copolymers are polymers, wherein a further co-monomer is co-polymerized.Preferred are copolymers, wherein the weight content of one or morefurther co-monomers is below 50%.

Examples of a polymer are:

1. Polymers of monoolefins and diolefins, for example polypropylene,polyisobutylene, polybut-1-ene, poly-4-methylpent-1-ene,polyvinylcyclohexane, polyisoprene or polybutadiene, as well as polymersof cycloolefins, for instance of cyclopentene or norbornene,polyethylene (which optionally can be crosslinked), for example highdensity polyethylene (HDPE), high density and high molecular weightpolyethylene (HDPE-HMW), high density and ultrahigh molecular weightpolyethylene (HDPE-UHMW), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), lowdensity polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE),(VLDPE) and (ULDPE).

Polyolefins, i.e. the polymers of monoolefins exemplified in thepreceding paragraph, preferably polyethylene and polypropylene, can beprepared by different, and especially by the following, methods:

-   -   a) radical polymerisation (normally under high pressure and at        elevated temperature).    -   b) catalytic polymerisation using a catalyst that normally        contains one or more than one metal of groups IVb, Vb, VIb or        VIII of the Periodic Table. These metals usually have one or        more than one ligand, typically oxides, halides, alcoholates,        esters, ethers, amines, alkyls, alkenyls and/or aryls that may        be either π- or σ-coordinated. These metal complexes may be in        the free form or fixed on substrates, typically on activated        magnesium chloride, titanium(III) chloride, alumina or silicon        oxide. These catalysts may be soluble or insoluble in the        polymerisation medium. The catalysts can be used by themselves        in the polymerisation or further activators may be used,        typically metal alkyls, metal hydrides, metal alkyl halides,        metal alkyl oxides or metal alkyloxanes, said metals being        elements of groups Ia, IIa and/or IIIa of the Periodic Table.        The activators may be modified conveniently with further ester,        ether, amine or silyl ether groups. These catalyst systems are        usually termed Phillips, Standard Oil Indiana, Ziegler (-Natta),        TNZ (DuPont), metallocene or single site catalysts (SSC).

2. Mixtures of the polymers mentioned under 1), for example mixtures ofpolypropylene with polyisobutylene, polypropylene with polyethylene (forexample PP/HDPE, PP/LDPE) and mixtures of different types ofpolyethylene (for example LDPE/HDPE).

3. Copolymers of monoolefins and diolefins with each other or with othervinyl monomers, for example ethylene/propylene copolymers, linear lowdensity polyethylene (LLDPE) and mixtures thereof with low densitypolyethylene (LDPE), propylene/but-1-ene copolymers,propylene/isobutylene copolymers, ethylene/but-1-ene copolymers,ethylene/hexene copolymers, ethylene/methylpentene copolymers,ethylene/heptene copolymers, ethylene/octene copolymers,ethylene/vinylcyclohexane copolymers, ethylene/cycloolefin copolymers(e.g. ethylene/norbornene like COC), ethylene/1-olefins copolymers,where the 1-olefin is generated in-situ; propylene/butadiene copolymers,isobutylene/isoprene copolymers, ethylene/vinylcyclohexene copolymers,ethylene/alkyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene/alkyl methacrylatecopolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers or ethylene/acrylic acidcopolymers and their salts (ionomers) as well as terpolymers of ethylenewith propylene and a diene such as hexadiene, dicyclopentadiene orethylidene-norbornene; and mixtures of such copolymers with one anotherand with polymers mentioned in 1) above, for examplepolypropylene/ethylene-propylene copolymers, LDPE/ethylene-vinyl acetatecopolymers (EVA), LDPE/ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers (EAA),LLDPE/EVA, LLDPE/EAA and alternating or random polyalkylene/carbonmonoxide copolymers and mixtures thereof with other polymers, forexample polyamides.

A special copolymer of two monoolefins is a pipe grade polypropylenerandom copolymer, which is obtainable from the polymerization of morethan 90% by weight of propylene and of less than 10% by weight,typically between 2 and 6% by weight, of ethylene.

4. Hydrocarbon resins (for example C₅-C₉) including hydrogenatedmodifications thereof (e.g. tackifiers) and mixtures of polyalkylenesand starch.

Homopolymers and copolymers from 1.)-4.) may have any stereostructureincluding syndiotactic, isotactic, hemi-isotactic or atactic; whereatactic polymers are preferred. Stereoblock polymers are also included.

5. Polystyrene, poly(p-methylstyrene), poly(α-methylstyrene).

6. Aromatic homopolymers and copolymers derived from vinyl aromaticmonomers including styrene, α-methylstyrene, all isomers of vinyltoluene, especially p-vinyl-toluene, all isomers of ethyl styrene,propyl styrene, vinyl biphenyl, vinyl naphthalene, and vinyl anthracene,and mixtures thereof. Homopolymers and copolymers may have anystereostructure including syndiotactic, isotactic, hemi-isotactic oratactic; where atactic polymers are preferred. Stereoblock polymers arealso included.

6a. Copolymers including aforementioned vinyl aromatic monomers andcomonomers selected from ethylene, propylene, dienes, nitriles, acids,maleic anhydrides, maleimides, vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride oracrylic derivatives and mixtures thereof, for example styrene/butadiene,styrene/acrylonitrile, styrene/ethylene (interpolymers), styrene/alkylmethacrylate, styrene/butadiene/alkyl acrylate, styrene/butadiene/alkylmethacrylate, styrene/maleic anhydride, styrene/acrylonitrile/methylacrylate; mixtures of high impact strength of styrene copolymers andanother polymer, for example a polyacrylate, a diene polymer or anethylene/propylene/diene terpolymer; and block copolymers of styrenesuch as styrene/butadiene/styrene, styrene/isoprene/styrene,styrene/ethylene/butylene/styrene or styrene/ethylene/propylene/styrene.

6b. Hydrogenated aromatic polymers derived from hydrogenation ofpolymers mentioned under 6.), especially includingpolycyclohexylethylene (PCHE) prepared by hydrogenating atacticpolystyrene, often referred to as polyvinylcyclohexane (PVCH).

6c. Hydrogenated aromatic polymers derived from hydrogenation ofpolymers mentioned under 6a.).

Homopolymers and copolymers may have any stereostructure includingsyndiotactic, isotactic, hemi-isotactic or atactic; where atacticpolymers are preferred. Stereoblock polymers are also included.

7. Graft copolymers of vinyl aromatic monomers such as styrene orα-methylstyrene, for example styrene on polybutadiene, styrene onpolybutadiene-styrene or polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers; styreneand acrylonitrile (or methacrylonitrile) on polybutadiene; styrene,acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate on polybutadiene; styrene andmaleic anhydride on polybutadiene; styrene, acrylonitrile and maleicanhydride or maleimide on polybutadiene; styrene and maleimide onpolybutadiene; styrene and alkyl acrylates or methacrylates onpolybutadiene; styrene and acrylonitrile on ethylene/propylene/dieneterpolymers; styrene and acrylonitrile on polyalkyl acrylates orpolyalkyl methacrylates, styrene and acrylonitrile on acrylate/butadienecopolymers, as well as mixtures thereof with the copolymers listed under6), for example the copolymer mixtures known as ABS, MBS, ASA or AESpolymers.

8. Halogen-containing polymers such as polychloroprene, chlorinatedrubbers, chlorinated and brominated copolymer of isobutylene-isoprene(halobutyl rubber), chlorinated or sulfochlorinated polyethylene,copolymers of ethylene and chlorinated ethylene, epichlorohydrin homo-and copolymers, especially polymers of halogen-containing vinylcompounds, for example polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride,polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, as well as copolymersthereof such as vinyl chloride/vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride/vinylacetate or vinylidene chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers.

9. Polymers derived from α,β-unsaturated acids and derivatives thereofsuch as polyacrylates and polymethacrylates; polymethyl methacrylates,polyacrylamides and polyacrylonitriles, impact-modified with butylacrylate.

10. Copolymers of the monomers mentioned under 9) with each other orwith other unsaturated monomers, for example acrylonitrile/butadienecopolymers, acrylonitrite/alkyl acrylate copolymers,acrylonitrile/alkoxyalkyl acrylate or acrylonitrile/vinyl halidecopolymers or acrylonitrile/alkyl methacrylate/butadiene terpolymers.

11. Polymers derived from unsaturated alcohols and amines or the acylderivatives or acetals thereof, for example polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylacetate, polyvinyl stearate, polyvinyl benzoate, polyvinyl maleate,polyvinyl butyral, polyallyl phthalate or polyallyl melamine; as well astheir copolymers with olefins mentioned in 1) above.

12. Homopolymers and copolymers of cyclic ethers such as polyalkyleneglycols, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or copolymers thereofwith bisglycidyl ethers.

13. Polyacetals such as polyoxymethylene and those polyoxymethyleneswhich contain ethylene oxide as a comonomer; polyacetals modified withthermoplastic polyurethanes, acrylates or MBS.

14. Polyphenylene oxides and sulfides, and mixtures of polyphenyleneoxides with styrene polymers or polyamides.

15. Polyurethanes, for example polyurethanes synthesized from a polyoland an aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanate such as polyurethanesderived from hydroxylterminated polyethers, polyesters or polybutadieneson the one hand and aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates on the other,as well as precursors thereof.

Hydroxyl-terminated polyethers are known and are prepared, for example,by polymerizing epoxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide,butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, styrene oxide or epichlorohydrin withthemselves, for example in the presence of BF₃, or by addition reactionof these epoxides, alone or as a mixture or in succession, with startingcomponents containing reactive hydrogen atoms, such as water, alcohols,ammonia or amines, for example ethylene glycol, propylene 1,3- and1,2-glycol, trimethylolpropane, 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenylpropane, aniline,ethanolamine or ethylenediamine. Sucrose polyethers are also suitable inaccordance with the invention. In many cases preference is given tothose polyethers which predominantly (up to 90% by weight, based on allthe OH groups present in the polyether) contain primary OH groups.Furthermore, polyethers modified by vinyl polymers, as are formed, forexample, by polymerizing styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence ofpolyethers, are suitable, as are polybutadienes containing OH groups.

In particular, a polyol compound has a molecular weight of 400-10000,especially 800 to 10000, and is a polyhydroxy compound, especiallycontaining from 2 to 8 hydroxyl groups, especially from 2 to 4.

Suitable polyisocyanates are aliphatic or aromatic, for example ethylenediisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylenediisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, cyclobutane 1,3-diisocyanate,cyclohexane 1,3- and -1,4-diisocyanate and also any desired mixtures ofthese isomers,1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane, 2,4- and2,6-hexahydrotolylene diisocyanate and also any desired mixtures ofthese isomers, hexahydro-1,3- and/or -1,4-phenylene diisocyanate,perhydro-2,4′- and/or -4,4′-diphenylmethanediisocyanate, 1,3- and1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4- and 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, and alsoany desired mixtures of these isomers, diphenylmethane 2,4′- and/or-4,4′-diisocyanate, naphthylene 1,5-diisocyanate, triphenylmethane4,4′,4″-triisocyanate, polyphenyl-polymethylene polyisocyanates as areobtained by aniline-formaldehyde condensation followed byphosgenization, m- and p-isocyanatophenylsulfonyl isocyanates,perchlorinated aryl polyisocyanates, polyisocyanates containingcarbodiimide groups, polyisocyanates containing allophanate groups,polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate groups, polyisocyanatescontaining urethane groups, polyisocyanates containing acylated ureagroups, polyisocyanates containing biuret groups, polyisocyanatescontaining ester groups, reaction products of the abovementionedisocyanates with acetals, and polyisocyanates containing polymeric fattyacid radicals.

It is also possible to employ the isocyanate group-containingdistillation residues, as they are or dissolved in one or more of theabovementioned polyisocyanates, which are obtained in the course of theindustrial preparation of isocyanates. It is additionally possible touse any desired mixtures of the abovementioned polyisocyanates.

Preferred are 2,4- or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate and any desired mixturesof these isomers (“TDI”), polyphenyl-polymethylene-polyisocyanates asprepared by aniline-formaldehyde condensation followed by phosgenization(“crude MDI”) or polyisocyanates containing carbodiimide, urethane,allophanate, isocyanurate, urea or biuret groups (“modifiedpolyisocyanates”).

The polyurethanes can be homogeneous polyurethanes or cellular.

16. Polyamides and copolyamides derived from diamines and dicarboxylicacids and/or from aminocarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactams,for example polyamide 4, polyamide 6, polyamide 6/6, 6/10, 6/9, 6/12,4/6, 12/12, polyamide 11, polyamide 12, aromatic polyamides startingfrom m-xylene diamine and adipic acid; polyamides prepared fromhexamethylenediamine and isophthalic or/and terephthalic acid and withor without an elastomer as modifier, for examplepoly-2,4,4,-trimethylhexamethylene terephthalamide or poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide; and also block copolymers of the aforementionedpolyamides with polyolefins, olefin copolymers, ionomers or chemicallybonded or grafted elastomers; or with polyethers, e.g. with polyethyleneglycol, polypropylene glycol or polytetramethylene glycol; as well aspolyamides or copolyamides modified with EPDM or ABS; and polyamidescondensed during processing (RIM polyamide systems).

17. Polyureas, polyimides, polyamide-imides, polyetherimides,polyesterimides, polyhydantoins and polybenzimidazoles.

18. Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and diols and/or fromhydroxycarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactones or lactides, forexample polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate,poly-1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane terephthalate, polyalkylene naphthalateand polyhydroxybenzoates as well as copolyether esters derived fromhydroxyl-terminated polyethers, and also polyesters modified withpolycarbonates or MBS. Copolyesters may comprise, for example—but arenot limited to—polybutylenesuccinate/terephtalate,polybutyleneadipate/terephthalate,polytetramethyleneadipate/terephthalate, polybutylensuccinate/adipate,polybutylensuccinate/carbonate, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate/octanoatecopolymer, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate/hexanoate/decanoate terpolymer.Furthermore, aliphatic polyesters may comprise, for example—but are notlimited to—the class of poly(hydroxyalkanoates), in particular,poly(propiolactone), poly(butyrolactone), poly(pivalolactone),poly(valerolactone) and poly(caprolactone), polyethylenesuccinate,polypropylenesuccinate, polybutylenesuccinate,polyhexamethylenesuccinate, polyethyleneadipate, polypropyleneadipate,polybutyleneadipate, polyhexamethyleneadipate, polyethyleneoxalate,polypropyleneoxalate, polybutyleneoxalate, polyhexamethyleneoxalate,polyethylenesebacate, polypropylenesebacate, polybutylenesebacate andpolylactic acid (PLA) as well as corresponding polyesters modified withpolycarbonates or MBS. The term “polylactic acid (PLA)” designates ahomo-polymer of preferably poly-L-lactide and any of its blends oralloys with other polymers; a co-polymer of lactic acid or lactide withother monomers, such as hydroxy-carboxylic acids, like for exampleglycolic acid, 3-hydroxy-butyric acid, 4-hydroxy-butyric acid,4-hydroxy-valeric acid, 5-hydroxy-valeric acid, 6-hydroxy-caproic acidand cyclic forms thereof; the terms “lactic acid” or “lactide” includeL-lactic acid, D-lactic acid, mixtures and dimers thereof, i.e.L-lactide, D-lactide, meso-lacide and any mixtures thereof.

19. Polycarbonates and polyester carbonates.

20. Polyketones.

21. Polysulfones, polyether sulfones and polyether ketones.

22. Crosslinked polymers derived from aldehydes on the one hand andphenols, ureas and melamines on the other hand, such asphenol/formaldehyde resins, urea/formaldehyde resins andmelamine/formaldehyde resins.

23. Drying and non-drying alkyd resins.

24. Unsaturated polyester resins derived from copolyesters of saturatedand unsaturated dicarboxylic acids with polyhydric alcohols and vinylcompounds as crosslinking agents, and also halogen-containingmodifications thereof of low flammability.

25. Crosslinkable acrylic resins derived from substituted acrylates, forexample epoxy acrylates, urethane acrylates or polyester acrylates.

26. Alkyd resins, polyester resins and acrylate resins crosslinked withmelamine resins, urea resins, isocyanates, isocyanurates,polyisocyanates or epoxy resins.

27. Crosslinked epoxy resins derived from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic,heterocyclic or aromatic glycidyl compounds, e.g. products of diglycidylethers of bisphenol A and bisphenol F, which are crosslinked withcustomary hardeners such as anhydrides or amines, with or withoutaccelerators.

28. Natural polymers such as cellulose, rubber, gelatin and chemicallymodified homologous derivatives thereof, for example cellulose acetates,cellulose propionates and cellulose butyrates, or the cellulose etherssuch as methyl cellulose; as well as rosins and their derivatives.

29. Blends of the aforementioned polymers (polyblends), for examplePP/EPDM, polyamide/EPDM or ABS, PVC/EVA, PVC/ABS, PVC/MBS, PC/ABS,PBTP/ABS, PC/ASA, PC/PBT, PVC/CPE, PVC/acrylates, POM/thermoplastic PUR,PC/thermoplastic PUR, POM/acrylate, POM/MBS, PPO/HIPS, PPO/PA 6.6 andcopolymers, PA/HDPE, PA/PP, PA/PPO, PBT/PC/ABS or PBT/PET/PC.

30. Naturally occurring and synthetic organic materials which are puremonomeric compounds or mixtures of such compounds, for example mineraloils, animal and vegetable fats, oil and waxes, or oils, fats and waxesbased on synthetic esters (e.g. phthalates, adipates, phosphates ortrimellitates) and also mixtures of synthetic esters with mineral oilsin any weight ratios, typically those used as spinning compositions, aswell as aqueous emulsions of such materials.

31. Aqueous emulsions of natural or synthetic rubber, e.g. natural latexor latices of carboxylated styrene/butadiene copolymers.

An oligohydroxy compound possesses two or more hydroxy groups, but isnot a polymer according to the definition for polymers of theOrganization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Examples foroligohydroxy compounds are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,butane-1,2-diol, butane-1,4-diol, hexane-1,2-diol, hexane-1,6-diol,cyclohexane-1,2-diol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, D-fructose, D-glucitol,mannitol or saccharose.

A wax is for example an ester of wax acids with alcohols, for exampleC₂₂-C₃₄-monocarboxylic acids esterified with C₁₅-C₃₆-monoalcohols,triterpene alcohols or steriod alcohol. Such esters are for examplecontained in carnauba wax, beeswax or jojo-baoil. A further type of waxis for example a Fischer-Tropsch-wax, which is based on C₁-chemistry.

A fat is an ester of glycerol and an aliphatic saturated or unsaturatedcarboxylic acid, for example a monoacyl glycerol, a diacyl glycerol or atriacyl glycerol. Preferably, the carboxylic acid is linear.

A mineral oil is an aliphatic liquid saturated hydrocarbon, which isobtained by destillation from crude oil, coal tar, bituminous tar, woodor peat. The mineral oil can be liquid, semi-solid or solid. In thelatter case, it is called mineral fat. Examples for mineral oils arebenzine, diesel oil, fuel oil, bitumen or kerosine. Preferred mineraloils are saturated C₈-C₂₂-hydrocarbons, which are linear or branched.Especially preferred are saturated C₈-C₁₄-hydrocarbons.

Preferred is a composition which comprises as component a) an organicmaterial susceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation,wherein the organic material is a polymer, which is synthetic orsemisynthetic, an oligohydroxy compound, a wax, a fat or a mineral oil,and as component b) a compound of formula I.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein the organic material is a polymer, whichis thermoplastic and synthetic or semisynthetic, an oligohydroxycompound, a wax, a fat or a mineral oil.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein the organic material is a polymer, whichis synthetic or semisynthetic.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein the organic material is a polymer, whichis thermoplastic and synthetic or semisynthetic.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein the organic material is a polyolefin or acopolymer thereof, a polystyrene or a copolymer thereof, a polyurethaneor a copolymer thereof, a polyether, which is obtainable by thepolycondensation of an expoxide, an oxetane or tetrahydrofuran, or acopolymer thereof, a polyol, a polyester or a copolymer thereof, apolycarbonate or a copolymer thereof, a polyvinyl chloride or acopolymer thereof, a polyvinylidene chloride or a copolymer thereof, apolysulfone or a copolymer thereof, a polybutadiene or a copolymerthereof, a polyvinylacetate or a copolymer thereof, a polyvinylalcoholor a copolymer thereof, polyvinylacetale or a copolymer thereof, apolyamide, which is obtainable by polycondensation of a diamine and adicarboxylic acid, or a copolymer thereof, a polyamide, which isobtainable by polycondensation of H₂N—(CH₂)_(x)—CH₂—COOH with x=1 to 10,or a copolymer thereof, an oligohydroxy compound, a wax, a fat or amineral oil.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidetive, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein the organic material is a polyolefin or acopolymer thereof, a polystyrene or a copolymer thereof, a polyurethaneor a copolymer thereof, a polyether, which is obtainable by thepolycondensation of an expoxide, an oxetane or tetrahydrofuran, or acopolymer thereof, a polyol, a polyester or a copolymer thereof, apolycarbonate or a copolymer thereof, a polyvinyl chloride or acopolymer thereof, a polyvinylidene chloride or a copolymer thereof, apolysulfone or a copolymer thereof, a polybutadiene or a copolymerthereof, a polyvinylacetate or a copolymer thereof, a polyvinylalcoholor a copolymer thereof, polyvinylacetale or a copolymer thereof or apolyamide, which is obtainable by polycondensation of a diamine and adicarboxylic acid, or a copolymer thereof, a polyamide, which isobtainable by polycondensation of H₂N—(CH₂)_(x)—CH₂—COOH with x=1 to 10.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein the organic material is a polyolefin or acopolymer thereof, a polystyrene or a copolymer thereof, a polyurethaneor a copolymer thereof or a polyol.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein the organic material is a polyolefin or acopolymer thereof, a polystryrene or a copolymer thereof or apolyurethane or a copolymer thereof.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein the organic material is a polyolefin or acopolymer thereof or a polystyrene or a copolymer thereof.

For compositions and preferences thereof as described in thisdescription, a very preferred organic material susceptible to oxidative,thermal or light-induced degradation is a polyolefin or a copolymerthereof.

Preferred is a composition comprising an organic material susceptible tooxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation, i.e. component a), anda compound of formula I,

wherein at formula I

-   when n is 1,-   R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is    unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen    or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyl, C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₃-C₁₂-alkinyl, OH,    C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy, C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy,    C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₃₀-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₂-C₁₆-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one sulfur atom, or NR′₁R′₂;-   when n is 2,-   R₅ is C₁-C₁₂-alkane-diyl, C₆-C₁₄-arylene,    C₄-C₈-cycloalkane-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene),    C₆-C₁₄-arene-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene), C₄-C₂₄-alkane-diyl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₄-C₂₀-alkane-diyl, which    is interrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or    —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-, piperazine-N,N′-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) or    C₂-C₁₀-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom;-   n is 1 or 2;-   R₁ to R₄ and R₆ to R₉ are each independently from each other H,    C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy,    C₁-C₁₂-alkylsulfanyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, halogen, NR″₁R″₂, NO₂,    CN, phenyl, phenyloxy or R₁ and R₂ or R₂ and R₃ or R₃ and R₄ or R₆    and R₇ or R₇ and R₈ or R₈ and R₉ are linked together to form a five-    or 6-membered alicylic, aromatic or heterocyclic ring together with    their 2 corresponding carbons atoms; and-   R′₁, R′₂, R″₁ and R″₂ are each independently from each other H,    C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl,    C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted    by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl,    carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, or    carboxy-C₆-C₁₀-aryl, or R′₁ and R′₂ or R″₁ and R″₂ form together    with the nitrogen atom, to which they are attached, a 5- or    6-membered alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic ring.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein at formula I

-   when n is 1,-   R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is    unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen    or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyl, C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₃-C₁₂-alkinyl, OH,    C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy, C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy,    C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₃₀-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₂-C₁₆-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one sulfur atom, or NR′₁R′₂;-   when n is 2,-   R₅ is C₁-C₁₂-alkane-diyl, C₆-C₁₄-arylene,    C₄-C₈-cycloalkane-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene),    C₆-C₁₄-arene-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene), C₄-C₂₄-alkane-diyl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₄-C₂₀-alkane-diyl, which    is interrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or    —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-, piperazine-N,N′-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) or    C₂-C₁₀-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom;-   n is 1 or 2;-   R₁ to R₄ and R₆ to R₉ are each independently from each other H,    C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy,    C₁-C₁₂-alkylsulfanyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, halogen, NR″₁R″₂, NO₂,    CN, phenyl; and-   R′₁, R′₂, R″₁ and R″₂ are each independently from each other H,    C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl,    C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted    by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl,    carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, or    carboxy-C₆-C₁₀-aryl, or R′₁ and R′₂ or R″₁ and R″₂ form together    with the nitrogen atom, to which they are attached, a 5- or    6-membered alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic ring.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein at formula I

-   when n is 1,-   R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is    unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen    or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyl, C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₃-C₁₂-alkinyl, OH,    C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy, C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy,    C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₃₀-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₂-C₁₆-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one sulfur atom, or NR′₁R′₂;-   when n is 2,-   R₅ is C₁-C₁₂-alkane-diyl, C₆-C₁₄-arylene,    C₄-C₈-cycloalkane-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene),    C₆-C₁₄-arene-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene), C₄-C₂₄-alkane-diyl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₄-C₂₀-alkane-diyl, which    is interrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or    —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-, piperazine-N,N′-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) or    C₂-C₁₀-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom;-   n is 1 or 2;-   R₁ to R₄ and R₆ to R₉ are each independently from each other H,    C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy,    C₁-C₁₂-alkylsulfanyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, halogen, NR″₁R″₂, NO₂,    CN, phenyl; and-   R′₁, R′₂, R″₁ and R″₂ are each independently from each other H,    C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl,    C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted    by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl,    carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, or    carboxy-C₆-C₁₀-aryl.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein at formula I

-   when n is 1,-   R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is    unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen    or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyl, C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₃-C₁₂-alkinyl, OH,    C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy, C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy,    C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₃₀-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₂-C₁₆-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one sulfur atom, or NR′₁R′₂;-   when n is 2,-   R₅ is C₁-C₁₂-alkane-diyl, C₄-C₂₄-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted    by one or more oxygen atoms, C₄-C₂₀-alkane-diyl, which is    interrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or    —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-, piperazine-N,N′-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) or    C₄-C₁₀-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom;-   n is 1 or 2;-   2 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and 2 substituents out of R₆ to R₉    are H and the other remaining 4 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and R₆    to R₉ are each independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy,    C₁-C₁₂-alkylsulfanyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, halogen, NR″₁R″₂, NO₂,    CN, phenyl, phenyloxy; and R′₁, R′₂, R″₁ and R″₂ are each    independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl,    hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is    unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen    or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, or carboxy-C₆-C₁₀-aryl, or R′₁    and R′₂ or R″₁ and R″₂ form together with the nitrogen atom, to    which they are attached, a pyrrolidine, a piperidine or a morpholine    ring.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein at formula I

-   n is 1,-   R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is    unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl or C₁-C₈-alkoxy,    C₇-C₁₃-aralkyl, C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl, OH, C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy,    C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy, C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy,    hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₃₀-alkyl, which is    interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or NR′₁R′₂;-   3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and 2 substituents out of R₆ to R₉    are H and the other remaining 3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and R₆    to R₉ are each independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy or halogen; and-   R′₁ and R′₂ are each independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is    unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl or C₁-C₈-alkoxy,    C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl, or R′₁ and R′₂ form together with the nitrogen atom,    to which they are attached, a pyrrolidine, a piperidine or a    morpholine ring.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein at formula I

-   when n is 1,-   R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is    unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl or C₁-C₈-alkoxy;-   when n is 2,-   R₅ is C₁-C₁₂-alkane-diyl or C₄-C₂₄-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted    by one or more oxygen atoms;-   n is 1 or 2; and-   3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and 2 substituents out of R₆ to R₉    are H and the other remaining 3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and R₆    to R₉ are each independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy or halogen.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein at formula I

-   n is 1,-   R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is    unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl or C₁-C₈-alkoxy; and-   3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and 2 substituents out of R₆ to R₉    are H and the other remaining 3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and R₆    to R₉ are each independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy or halogen.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and acompound of formula I, wherein at formula I

-   n is 1,-   R₅ is H; and-   3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and 2 substituents out of R₆ to R₉    are H and the other remaining 3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and R₆    to R₉ are each independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy or halogen.

For compositions and preferences thereof as described in thisdescription, very preferred compounds of formula I are compounds (101),(102), (103), (104), (105), (106), (107), (108), (109), (110), (111),(113) and (114). The structures of these compounds are depicted in therespective examples 1 to 11 and 13 to 14.

For compositions and preferences thereof as described in thisdescription, a very preferred compound of formula I is compound (101),for which at formula I n is 1 and R₁ to R₉ is H. Compound (101) isdepicted below.

The employed amount of component b) in regard to component a) varieswith the particular organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermalor light-induced degradation and the desired degree of protection.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation ascomponent a) and a compound of formula I as component b), whereincomponent b) is contained in an amount of 0.0005% to 10%, in particularfrom 0.001 to 2%, especially from 0.005 to 1%, based on the weight ofcomponent a).

Optionally, a composition comprising an organic material as component a)and a compound of formula I as component b) contains a further additiveas component c).

A further additive can be selected from the following list:

1. Antioxidants

1.1. Alkylated monophenols, for example2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol,2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-n-butylphenol,2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol,2-(α-methylcyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol,2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tricyclohexylphenol,2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol, nonylphenols which are linearor branched in the side chains, for example 2,6-di-nonyl-4-methylphenol,2,4-dimethyl-6-(1′-methyl-undec-1′-yl)phenol,2,4-dimethyl-6-(1′-methylheptadec-1′-yl)phenol,2,4-dimethyl-6-(1′-methyltridec-1′-yl)phenol,2,4-dimethyl-6-(1′-methyl-1′-tetradecyl-methyl)-phenol and mixturesthereof.

1.2. Alkylthiomethylphenols, for example2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol,2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-methylphenol,2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol,2,6-di-dodecylthiomethyl-4-nonylphenol.

1.3. Hydroquinones and alkylated hydroquinones, for example2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone,2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol,2,6-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole,3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylstearate, bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) adipate.

1.4. Tocopherols, for example α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol,δ-tocopherol and mixtures thereof (vitamin E).

1.5. Hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers, for example2,2′-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2′-thiobis(4-octylphenol),4,4′-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol),4,4′-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol),4,4′-thiobis(3,6-di-sec-amylphenol),4,4′-bis(2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)disulfide.

1.6. Alkylidenebisphenols, for example2,2′-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol),2,2′-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol),2,2′-methylenebis[4-methyl-6-(α-methyl-cyclohexyl)phenol],2,2′-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol),2,2′-methylenebis(6-nonyl-4-methylphenol),2,2′-methylenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol),2,2′-ethylidenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol),2,2′-ethylidenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol),2,2′-methylenebis[6-(α-methylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenol],2,2′-methylenebis[6-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenol],4,4′-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol),4,4′-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol),1,1-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butane,2,6-bis(3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methylphenol,1,1,3-tris(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butane,1,1-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-3-n-dodecylmercaptobutane,ethylene glycol bis[3,3-bis(3′-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl)-butyrate],bis(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl)dicyclopentadiene,bis[2-(3′-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxy-5′-methylbenzyl)-6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl]terephthalate,1,1-bis-(3,5-dimethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)butane,2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane,2,2-bis-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-4-n-dodecylmercaptobutane,1,1,5,5-tetra(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)pentane.

1.7. O-, N- and S-benzyl compounds, for example3,5,3′,5′-tetra-tert-butyl-4,4′-dihydroxydibenzyl ether,octadecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzylmercaptoacetate,tridecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzylmercaptoacetate,tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)amine,bis(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)dithioterephthalate,bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)sulfide,isooctyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl-mercaptoacetate.

1.8. Hydroxybenzylated malonates, for exampledioctadecyl-2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)malonate,di-octadecyl-2-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)malonate,di-dodecylmercaptoethyl-2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)malonate,bis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]-2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)malonate.

1.9. Aromatic hydroxybenzyl compounds, for example1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene,1,4-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene,2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phenol.

1.10. Triazine compounds, for example2,4-bis(octylmercapto)-6-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino)-1,3,5-triazine,2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino)-1,3,5-triazine,2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine,2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1,2,3-triazine,1,3,5-tris-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate,1,3,5-tris(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)isocyanurate,2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine,1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine,1,3,5-tris(3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate.

1.11. Benzylphosphonates, for exampledimethyl-2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate,diethyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate,dioctadecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate,dioctadecyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylphosphonate, thecalcium salt of the monoethyl ester of3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid.

1.12. Acylaminophenols, for example 4-hydroxylauranilide,4-hydroxystearanilide, octylN-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)carbamate.

1.13. Esters of β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid withmono- or polyhydric alcohols, for example with methanol, ethanol,n-octanol, i-octanol, octadecanol, a mixture of linear and branchedC₁₃-C₁₅-alkanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol,1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethyleneglycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol,tris(hydroxylethyl)isocyanurate, N,N′-bis-(hydroxylethyl)oxamide,3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol,trimethylolpropane,4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane.

1.14. Esters of β-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propionic acidwith mono- or polyhydric alcohols, for example with methanol, ethanol,n-octanol, i-octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol,ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethyleneglycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol,tris-(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N′-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide,3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol,trimethylolpropane,4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane;3,9-bis[2-{3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl)propionyloxy}-1,1-dimethylethyl]-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane.

1.15. Esters of β-(3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid withmono- or polyhydric alcohols, for example with methanol, ethanol,octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol,1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethyleneglycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol,tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N′-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide,3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol,trimethylolpropane,4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]-octane.

1.16. Esters of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid with mono-or polyhydric alcohols, for example with methanol, ethanol, octanol,octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol,1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethyleneglycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol,tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N′-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide,3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol,trimethylolpropane,4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane.

1.17. Amides of β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, forexampleN,N′-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hexamethylenediamide,N,N′-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)trimethylenediamide,N,N′-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hydrazide,N,N′-bis[2-(3-[3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]-propionyloxy)ethyl]oxamide(Naugard XL-1®, supplied by Uniroyal).

1.18. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C)

1.19. Aminic antioxidants, for exampleN,N′-di-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine,N,N′-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine,N,N′-bis(1,4-dimethylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine,N,N′-bis(1-ethyl-3-methylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N′-bis(1-methylheptyl)-p-phenylenediamine,N,N′-dicyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine,N,N′-bis(2-naphthyl)-p-phenylenediamine,N-isopropyl-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine,N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine,N-(1-methylheptyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine,N-cyclohexyl-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine,4-(p-toluenesulfamoyl)diphenylamine,N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, diphenylamine,N-allyldiphenylamine, 4-isopropoxydiphenylamine,N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, N-(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-naphthylamine,N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, octylated diphenylamine, for examplep,p′-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine, 4-n-butylaminophenol,4-butyrylaminophenol, 4-nonanoylaminophenol, 4-dodecanoylaminophenol,4-octadecanoylaminophenol, bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amine,2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-dimethylaminomethylphenol,2,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane,N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane,1,2-bis[(2-methylphenyl)amino]-ethane, 1,2-bis(phenylamino)propane,(o-tolyl)biguanide, bis[4-(1,3′-dimethylbutyl)-phenyl]amine,tert-octylated N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, a mixture of mono- anddialkylated tert-butyl/tert-octyldiphenylamines, a mixture of mono- anddialkylated nonyldiphenylamines, a mixture of mono- and dialkylateddodecyldiphenylamines, a mixture of mono- anddialkylatedisopropyl/isohexyldiphenylamines, a mixture of mono- anddialkylated tert-butyldiphenylamines,2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-4H-1,4-benzothiazine, phenothiazine, a mixtureof mono- and dialkylated tert-butyl/tert-octylphenothiazines, a mixtureof mono- and dialkylated tert-octylphenothiazines, N-allylphenothiazine,N,N,N′,N′-tetraphenyl-1,4-diaminobut-2-ene,N,N-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperid-4-yl-hexamethylenediamine,bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperid-4-yl)sebacate,2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-one, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol.

2. UV Absorbers and Light Stabilisers

2.1. 2-(2′-Hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazoles, for example2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)-benzotriazole,2-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole,2-(5′-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole,2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl)benzotriazole,2-(3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,2-(3′-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,2-(3′-sec-butyl-5′-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxy-phenyl)benzotriazole,2-(2′-hydroxy-4′-octyloxyphenyl)benzotriazole,2-(3′,5′-di-tert-amyl-2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole,2-(3′,5′-bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-2′-hydroxy-phenyl)benzotriazole,2-(3′-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxy-5′-(2-octyloxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,2-(3′-tert-butyl-5′-[2-(2-ethylhexyloxyl)carbonylethyl]-2′-hydroxy-phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,2-(3′-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxy-5′-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)-phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,2-(3′-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxy-5′-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)-phenyl)benzotriazole,2-(3′-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxy-5′-(2-octyloxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)-benzotriazole,2-(3′-tert-butyl-5′-[2-(2-ethylhexyloxyl)carbonylethyl]-2′-hydroxyphenyl)-benzotriazole,2-(3′-dodecyl-2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)benzotriazole,2-(3′-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxy-5′-(2-isooctyloxycarbonylethyl)phenylbenzotriazole,2,2′-methylenebis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-6-benzotriazole-2-ylphenol];the transesterification product of2-[3′-tert-butyl-5′-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)-2′-hydroxyphenyl]-2H-benzotriazolewith polyethylene glycol 300;

where R′=3′-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxy-5′-2H-benzotriazol-2-ylphenyl,2-[2′-hydroxy-3′-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-5′-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]benzotriazole;2-[2′-hydroxy-3′-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-5′-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)phenyl]benzotriazole.

2.2. 2-Hydroxybenzophenones, for example the 4-hydroxy, 4-methoxy,4-octyloxy, 4-decyloxy, 4-dodecyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4,2′,4′-trihydroxyand 2′-hydroxy-4,4′-dimethoxy derivatives.

2.3. Esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acids, for example4-tert-butylphenyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, octylphenylsalicylate, dibenzoyl resorcinol, bis(4-tert-butylbenzoyl)resorcinol,benzoyl resorcinol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, hexadecyl3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, octadecyl3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, 2-methyl-4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.

2.4. Acrylates, for example ethyl α-cyano-β,β-diphenylacrylate, isooctylα-cyano-β,β-diphenylacrylate, methyl α-carbomethoxycinnamate, methylα-cyano-β-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, butylα-cyano-β-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, methylα-carbomethoxy-p-methoxycinnamate,N-(β-carbomethoxy-β-cyanovinyl)-2-methylindoline and neopentyltetra(α-cyano-β,β-diphenylacrylate).

2.5. Nickel compounds, for example nickel complexes of2,2′-thiobis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetra-methylbutyl)phenol], such as the 1:1 or1:2 complex, with or without additional ligands such as n-butylamine,triethanolamine or N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine, nickeldibutyldithiocarbamate, nickel salts of the monoalkyl esters, e.g. themethyl or ethyl ester, of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzylphosphonicacid, nickel complexes of ketoximes, e.g. of2-hydroxy-4-methylphenylundecylketoxime, nickel complexes of1-phenyl-4-lauroyl-5-hydroxypyrazole, with or without additionalligands.

2.6. Sterically hindered amines, for examplebis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-sebacate,bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)succinate,bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate,bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)n-butyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylmalonate, the condensate of1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine and succinicacid, linear or cyclic condensates ofN,N′-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidypexamethylenediamine and4-tert-octylamino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine,tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)nitrilotriacetate,tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate,1,1′-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis(3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazinone),4-benzoyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine,4-stearyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine,bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl)-2-n-butyl-2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl)malonate,3-n-octyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione,bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperid-4-yl)sebacate,bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperid-4-yl)succinate,bis-[2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(undecyloxy)-piperidin-4-yl]carbonate, linearor cyclic condensates ofN,N′-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-hexamethylenediamine and4-morpholino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, the condensate of2-chloro-4,6-bis(4-n-butylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl)-1,3,5-triazineand 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane, the condensate of2-chloro-4,6-di-(4-n-butylamino-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl)-1,3,5-triazineand 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane,8-acetyl-3-dodecyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione,3-dodecyl-1-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione,3-dodecyl-1-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione, amixture of 4-hexadecyloxy- and4-stearyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, a condensate ofN,N′-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidypexamethylenediamine and4-cyclohexylamino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, a condensate of1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane and 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine aswell as 4-butylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (CAS Reg. No.[136504-96-6]); a condensate of 1,6-hexanediamine and2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine as well as N,N-dibutylamine and4-butylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (CAS Reg. No. [192268 64-7]);N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-n-dodecylsuccinimide,N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)-n-dodecylsuccinimide,2-undecyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxo-spiro[4,5]decane, areaction product of7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-2-cycloundecyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxospiro-[4,5]decaneand epichlorohydrin,1,1-bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyloxycarbonyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-ethene,N,N′-bis-formyl-N,N′-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)hexamethylenediamine,a diester of 4-methoxymethylenemalonic acid with1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine,poly[methylpropyl-3-oxy-4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)]siloxane, areaction product of maleic acid anhydride-α-olefin copolymer with2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-aminopiperidine or1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-aminopiperidine, a mixture of oligomericcompounds which are the formal condensation products ofN,N′-bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-propoxy-piperidin-4-yl)-hexane-1,6-diamineand2,4-dichloro-6-{n-butyl-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-propoxy-piperidin-4-yl)-amino}-[1,3,5]triazineend-capped with 2-chloro-4,6-bis-(di-n-butylamino)-[1,3,5]triazine, amixture of oligomeric compounds which are the formal condensationproducts ofN,N′-bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl)-hexane-1,6-diamine and2,4-dichloro-6-{n-butyl-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl)-amino}-[1,3,5]triazineend-capped with 2-chloro-4,6-bis-(di-n-butylamino)-[1,3,5]triazine,2,4-bis[N-(1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)-N-butylamino]-6-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-1,3,5-triazine,1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-octadecanoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine,5-(2-ethylhexanoyl)oxymethyl-3,3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, Sanduvor(Clariant; CAS Reg. No. 106917-31-1],5-(2-ethylhexanoyl)-oxymethyl-3,3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, thereaction product of2,4-bis-[(1-cyclo-hexyloxy-2,2,6,6-piperidine-4-yl)butylamino]-6-chloro-s-triazinewith N,N′-bis-(3-amino-propyl)ethylenediamine),1,3,5-tris(N-cyclohexyl-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperazine-3-one-4-yl)amino)-s-triazine,1,3,5-tris(N-cyclohexyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperazine-3-one-4-yl)-amino)-s-triazine.

2.7. Oxamides, for example 4,4′-dioctyloxyoxanilide,2,2′-diethoxyoxanilide, 2,2′-dioctyloxy-5,5′-di-tert-butoxanilide,2,2′-didodecyloxy-5,5′-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2′-ethyloxanilide,N,N′-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)oxamide,2-ethoxy-5-tert-butyl-2′-ethoxanilide and its mixture with2-ethoxy-2′-ethyl-5,4′-di-tert-butoxanilide, mixtures of o- andp-methoxy-disubstituted oxanilides and mixtures of o- andp-ethoxy-disubstituted oxanilides.

2.8. 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazines, for example2,4,6-tris(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-propy

oxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2-(2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2-(2-hydroxy-4-tridecyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-butyloxypropoxy)phenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-octyloxypropyloxy)phenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2-[4-(dodecyloxy/tridecyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxyphenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-dodecyloxypropoxy)phenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-1,3,5-triazine,2-(2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxy)phenyl-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine,2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine,2,4,6-tris[2-hydroxy-4-(3-butoxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine,2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine,2-{2-hydroxy-4-[3-(2-ethylhexyl-1-oxy)-2-hydroxypropyloxy]-phenyl}-4,6-bis

(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine.

3. Metal deactivators, for example N,N′-diphenyloxamide,N-salicylal-N′-salicyloyl hydrazine, N,N′-bis(salicyloyl)hydrazine,N,N′-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl-propionyl)hydrazine,3-salicyloylamino-1,2,4-triazole, bis(benzylidene)oxalyl dihydrazide,oxanilide, isophthaloyl dihydrazide, sebacoyl bisphenylhydrazide,N,N′-diacetyladipoyl dihydrazide, N,N′-bis(salicyloyl)oxalyldihydrazide, N,N′-bis(salicyloyl)-thiopropionyl dihydrazide.

4. Phosphites and phosphonites, for example triphenyl phosphite,diphenylalkyl phosphites, phenyldialkyl phosphites,tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite,distearylpentaerythritol diphosphite,tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritoldiphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite,bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite,bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite,diisodecyloxypentaerythritol diphosphite,bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite,bis(2,4,6-tris(tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearylsorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4′-biphenylene diphosphonite,6-isooctyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12H-dibenz[d,g]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphocin,bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)methyl phosphite,bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)ethyl phosphite,6-fluoro-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12-methyl-dibenz[d,g]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphocin,2,2′,2″-nitrilo-[triethyltris(3,3′,5,5′-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2,2′-diyl)phosphite],2-ethylhexyl-(3,3′,5,5′-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2,2′-diyl)phosphite,5-butyl-5-ethyl-2-(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenoxy)-1,3,2-dioxaphosphirane.

The following phosphites are especially preferred:

-   Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite (Irgafos 168, RTM BASF),    tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite,

5. Hydroxylamines and amine N-oxides, for exampleN,N-dibenzylhydroxylamine, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine,N,N-dioctylhydroxylamine, N,N-dilaurylhydroxylamine,N,N-ditetradecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dihexadecylhydroxylamine,N,N-dioctadecylhydroxylamine, N-hexadecyl-N-octadecylhydroxylamine,N-heptadecyl-N-octadecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine derivedfrom hydrogenated tallow amine or N,N-bis-(hydrogenated rape-oilalkyl)-N-methyl-amine N-oxide.

6. Nitrones, for example N-benzyl-alpha-phenylnitrone,N-ethyl-alpha-methylnitrone, N-octyl-alpha-heptylnitrone,N-lauryl-alpha-undecylnitrone, N-tetradecyl-alpha-tridecylnitrone,N-hexadecyl-alpha-pentadecylnitrone,N-octadecyl-alpha-heptadecylnitrone,N-hexadecyl-alpha-heptadecylnitrone,N-ocatadecyl-alpha-pentadecylnitrone,N-heptadecyl-alpha-heptadecylnitrone,N-octadecyl-alpha-hexadecylnitrone, nitrone derived fromN,N-dialkylhydroxylamine derived from hydrogenated tallow amine.

7. Thiosynergists, for example dilauryl thiodipropionate, dimistrylthiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate and pentaerythritoltetrakis-[3-(n-lauryl)-propionic acid ester].

8. Peroxide scavengers, for example esters of α-thiodipropionic acid,for example the lauryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl esters,mercaptobenzimidazole or the zinc salt of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, zincdibutyldithiocarbamate, dioctadecyl disulfide, pentaerythritoltetrakis(β-dodecylmercapto)propionate.

9. Polyamide stabilizers, for example copper salts in combination withiodides and/or phosphorus compounds and salts of divalent manganese.

10. Acid scavengers, for example melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone,dicyandiamide, triallyl cyanurate, urea derivatives, hydrazinederivatives, amines, polyamides, polyurethanes, alkali metal salts andalkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, for example calciumstearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodiumricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate and zincpyrocatecholate.

11. Benzofuranones and indolinones, for example those disclosed in U.S.Pat. Nos. 4,325,863; 4,338,244; 5,175,312; 5,216,052; 5,252,643;DE-A-4316611; DE-A-4316622; DE-A-4316876; EP-A-0589839 or EP-A-0591102or 3-[4-(2-acetoxy-ethoxy)phenyl]-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one,5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-[4-(2-stearoyloxy-ethoxy)phenyl]benzofuran-2-one,3,3′-bis[5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-(4-[2-hydroxyethoxy]-phenyl)benzofuran-2-one],5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)benzofuran-2-one,3-(4-acetoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one,3-(3,5-dimethyl-4-pivaloyloxyphenyl)-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one,3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one,3-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one and3-(2-acetoxy-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-butyl)-phenyl)-5-(1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-butyl)-benzofuran-2-one.

12. Nucleating agents, for example inorganic substances, such as talcum,metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide or magnesium oxide, phosphates,carbonates or sulfates of, preferably, alkaline earth metals; organiccompounds, such as mono- or polycarboxylic acids and the salts thereof,e.g. 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, adipic acid, diphenylacetic acid, sodiumsuccinate or sodium benzoate; polymeric compounds, such as ioniccopolymers (ionomers), Irgaclear XT 386 (RTM BASF),1,3:2,4-bis(3′,4′-dimethylbenzylidene)-sorbitol,1,3:2,4-di(paramethyldibenzylidene)-sorbitol, and1,3:2,4-di(benzylidene)sorbitol.

13. Fillers and reinforcing agents, for example calcium carbonate,silicates, glass fibres, glass beads, asbestos, talc, kaolin, bentonite,mica, hydrotalcite, barium sulfate, metal oxides and hydroxides, carbonblack, graphite, wood flour and flours or fibers of other naturalproducts, synthetic fibers.

14. Other additives, for example plasticisers, lubricants, rheologyadditives, catalysts, flow-control agents, optical brighteners,flameproofing agents, antistatic agents and blowing agents.

It has also been surprisingly found that many compounds of formula I incombination with a further additive are very effective for stabilizationof an organic material against degradation by heat, light and/oroxidation, in particular in combination with a phenolic antioxidant or aphosphite or phosphonite as a further additive. It often turns out thatthe presence of compounds of formula I allows to reduce the amount ofthe further additive in excess of a mere 1 to 1 substitution based onweight of the further additive.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation ascomponent a), a compound of formula I as component b) and a furtheradditive as component c).

Preferred is a composition, wherein the weight ratio of component b) tocomponent c) is from 10:1 to 1:30, in particular from 4:1 to 1:20,especially from 2:1 to 1:10, and wherein the overall amount of componentb) and component c) is below 80%, especially 50%, by weight of componenta).

Preferred is a composition, wherein the weight ratio of component b) tocomponent c) is from 4:1 to 1:20 and the combined amount of component b)and component c) is below 80% based on the weight of component a).

Preferred is a composition, which comprises as component c) a furtheradditive, which is an antioxidant, an UV absorber, a hindered aminelight stabilizer, a nickel compound, a metal deactivator, a phosphite orphosphonite, a hydroxylamine or amine N-oxide, a thiosynergist, aperoxide scavenger, a nucleating agent, a filler or reinforcing agent.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises as component c) a furtheradditive, which is a phosphite or phosphonite, an acid scavenger, aphenolic antioxidant or an aminic antioxidant.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises

-   a) an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or    light-induced degradation,-   b) a compound of formula I, and-   c) a further additive, which is a phenolic antioxidant or a    phosphite or phosphonite.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises as component c) a phenolicantioxidant.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises as component c) a phenolicantioxidant, which is an ester ofβ-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid.

A phenolic antioxidant of special relevance is a compound as depicted

and for which one chemical name istetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methaneor alternativelytetrakis-[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methane.It is contained in the commercial product Irganox 1010 (RTM BASF).

Another phenolic antioxidant of special relevance is a compound asdepicted

and for which one chemical name is stearylβ-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate or alternativelystearyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate. It iscontained in the commercial product Irganox 1076 (RTM BASF).

Preferred is a composition, which comprises as component c) a phenolicantioxidant, which istetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methaneor stearyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises as component c) a phosphiteor phosponite.

A phosphite of special relevance is a compound as depicted

and for which one chemical name istris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)phosphite. It is contained inthe commercial product Irgafos 168 (RTM BASF).

Preferred is a composition, which comprises as component c) a phosphite,which is tris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)phosphite.

Optionally, a composition comprising an organic material susceptible tooxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation as component a), acompound of formula I as component b) and a further additive ascomponent c) contains a second further additive as component d).

Preferred is a composition, which comprises an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation ascomponent a), a compound of formula I as component b), a furtheradditive as component c) and a second further additive as component d).

Preferred is a composition, wherein the weight ratio of component b) tocomponent d) is from 10:1 to 1:30, in particular from 4:1 to 1:20,especially from 2:1 to 1:10, and wherein the overall amount of componentb), component c) and component d) is below 50% by weight of componenta).

Preferred is a composition, which comprises a component a), a componentb), as component c) a further additive, which is selected from the groupconsisting of a phosphite or phosphonite, an acid scavenger, a phenolicantioxidant and an aminic antioxidant, and as component d) a secondfurther additive.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises as component d) a secondfurther additive, which is a phosphite or phosphonite, an acidscavenger, a phenolic antioxidant or an aminic antioxidant; with theproviso that component d) is a different substance than component c).

Preferred is a composition, which comprises a component a), a componentb), a component c) and a component d), wherein component c) andcomponent d) are independently from each other a phosphite orphosphonite, an acid scavenger, a phenolic antioxidant or an aminicantioxidant.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises a component a), a componentb), a component c) and a component d), wherein component c) andcomponent d) are independently from each other a phosphite orphosphonite, an acid scavenger, a phenolic antioxidant or an aminicantioxidant; with the proviso that component d) is a different substancethan component c).

Preferred is a composition, which comprises a component a), a componentb), as component c) a phenolic antioxidant and as component d) an aminicantioxidant.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises a component a), a componentb), as component c) a phenolic antioxidant and as component d) aphosphite or phosphonite.

Preferred is a composition, which comprises

-   a) an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or    light-induced degradation,-   b) a compound of formula I,-   c) a further additive, which is a phenolic antioxidant, and-   d) a second further additive, which is a phosphite or phosphonite.    Preferred is a composition, which comprises-   a) an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or    light-induced degradation,-   b) a compound of formula I,-   c) a further additive, which is a phenolic antioxidant, which is    tetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methane    or stearyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate, and-   d) a second further additive, which is a phosphite or phosphonite.    Preferred is a composition, which comprises-   a) an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or    light-induced degradation,-   b) a compound of formula I,-   c) a further additive, which is a phenolic antioxidant, and-   d) a second further additive, which is a phosphite, which is    tris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.    Preferred is a composition, which comprises-   a) an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or    light-induced degradation,-   b) a compound of formula I,-   c) a further additive, which is a phenolic antioxidant, which is    tetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methane    or stearyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate, and-   d) a second further additive, which is a phosphite, which is    tris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.

The above described preferences for an organic material susceptible tooxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation as component a) and of acompound of formula I as component b) apply also to the furtherembodiments of the invention. This applies also in regard to theoptional presence of a further additive as component c) and the optionalpresence of a second further additive as component d).

A further embodiment of the invention relates to a process forprotection of an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal orlight-induced degradation, i.e. component a), which comprises the stepof incorporation into or application onto an organic material, acompound of formula I, i.e. component b).

The incorporation or application of component b) can be carried out in aprocessing apparatus, in particular a heatable container equipped with astirrer, which can preferably be closed. A heatable container equippedwith a stirrer is for example a kneader, extruder, mixer or stirredvessel. Specific examples thereof are a single-screw extruder,contrarotating and corotating twin-screw extruder, planetary-gearextruder, ring extruder or co-kneader. It is also possible to use aprocessing apparatus, which contains at least one gas removalcompartment to which a vacuum can be applied and/or which can be setunder an atmosphere, wherein the oxygen content is low or oxygen isabsent. Component b) can be added directly into the processingapparatus.

Component b) can be incorporated or applied to at any stage ofprocessing of component a). If component a) is a polymer, the stage isin particular prior to or during a shaping operation of component a) inthe processing apparatus.

Component b) can be incorporated or applied in the form of a dry powder,in the form of a melt, in encapsulated form such as encapsulation in awax or an auxiliary polymer or in the form of a wet mixture such as asolution, dispersion or suspension for example in an inert solvent,water or oil. A dispersing or suspension agent can be present in thecase of a wet mixture of component b).

Component b) can also be incorporated or applied by spraying ontocomponent a).

In case that component a) is a polymer, a further possibility forincorporation or application of component b) to component a) is additionbefore, during or directly after the polymerization of the correspondingstarting materials, e.g. monomers, of component a). For example,spraying during the deactivation of the polymerization catalysts ispartitularly advantageous. If crosslinking takes place during formationof component a), incorporation or application prior to crosslinking ispreferred.

In case that component a) is a polymer, the process of incorporation orapplication is preferably a moulding process, in particular aninjection-moulding, blow-moulding, compression-moulding, roto-moulding,slush-moulding or extrusion-moulding.

Preferred is a process, wherein the organic material susceptible tooxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation is a polymer, and whichcomprises the step of incorporation of a compound of formula I into theorganic material and wherein a part or the complete incorporation takesplace at a temperature in the range from 135 to 350° C., preferably from150° C. to 140° C., in particular from 180° C. to 330° C. and veryespecially from 190° C. to 320° C.

Preferred is a process, wherein component b) is incorporated or appliedto in an extruder during processing of component a), which is a polymer.

In case of a further additive and optionally a second further additive,i.e. component c) or components c) and d), component b) and the furtheradditive or the second further additive can be incorporated into orapplied onto component a) individually or mixed with one another. Ifdesired, the individual components can be mixed with one another beforeincorporation into component a) for example by dry blending, compaction,melting, encapsulation by a wax or polymer or as wet mixture in the formof solutions, dispersions or suspensions for example in an inertsolvent, water or oil.

Component b) and a further additive and optionally a second furtheradditive can also be added to component a) in the form of a masterbatch(concentrate), which contains the component b), a further additive,optionally a second further additive and a masterbatch polymer. Thecomponent b) and a further additive and optionally a second furtheradditive are incorporated into the masterbatch in a concentration of,for example, from 1% to 40% and preferably 2% to 20% by weight of themasterbatch. The masterbatch polymer content is the difference towards100% by weight of the masterbatch. The masterbatch polymer must not benecessarily the same polymer as component a) in case the latter one is apolymer.

A further embodiment of the invention relates to an additivecomposition, which comprises

-   b) a compound of formula I, and-   c) a further additive selected from a group consisting of a    phosphite or phosphonite, an acid scavenger, a phenolic antioxidant    or an aminic antioxidant.

Preferred is a composition, wherein the weight ratio of component b) tocomponent c) is from 10:1 to 1:30, in particular from 4:1 to 1:20,especially from 2:1 to 1:10.

Preferred is an additive composition, wherein the weight ratio ofcomponent b) to component c) is from 10:1 to 1:30, in particular from4:1 to 1:20, especially from 2:1 to 1:10.

Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises

-   b) a compound of formula I, and-   c) a further additive, which is a phenolic antioxidant or a    phosphite or phosphonite.    Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises-   b) a compound of formula I, and-   c) a further additive, which is a phenolic antioxidant.    Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises-   b) a compound of formula I, and-   c) a further additive, which is a phosphite or phosphonite.    Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises-   b) a compound of formula I, and-   c) a further additive, which is    tetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methane,    stearyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate or    tris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.

Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises as component d) asecond further additive.

Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises

-   b) a compound of formula I,-   c) a further additive selected from a group consisting of a    phosphite or phosphonite, an acid scavenger, a phenolic antioxidant    or an aminic antioxidant, and-   d) a second further additive selected from a group consisting of a    phosphite or phosphonite, an acid scavenger, a phenolic antioxidant    or an aminic antioxidant.    Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises-   b) a compound of formula I,-   c) a further additive selected from a group consisting of a    phosphite or phosphonite, an acid scavenger, a phenolic antioxidant    or an aminic antioxidant, and-   d) a second further additive selected from a group consisting of a    phosphite or phosphonite, an acid scavenger, a phenolic antioxidant    or an aminic antioxidant; with the proviso that component c) is a    different substance than component d).

Preferred is a composition, wherein the weight ratio of component b) tocomponent c) is from 10:1 to 1:30, in particular from 4:1 to 1:20,especially from 2:1 to 1:10, and wherein the weight ratio of componentb) to component d) is from 10:1 to 1:30, in particular from 4:1 to 1:20,especially from 2:1 to 1:10.

Preferred is an additive composition, wherein the weight ratio ofcomponent b) to component c) is from 10:1 to 1:30, in particular from4:1 to 1:20, especially from 2:1 to 1:10, and wherein the weight ratioof component b) to component d) is from 10:1 to 1:30, in particular from4:1 to 1:20, especially from 2:1 to 1:10.

Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises

-   b) a compound of formula I,-   c) a further additive, which is a phenolic antioxidant, and-   d) a second further additive, which is a phosphite or phosphonite.    Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises-   b) a compound of formula I,-   c) a further additive, which is    tetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methane    or stearyl 0-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate, and-   d) a second further additive, which is a phosphite or phosphonite.    Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises-   b) a compound of formula I,-   c) a further additive, which is a phenolic antioxidant, and-   d) a second further additive, which is    tris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.    Preferred is an additive composition, which comprises-   b) a compound of formula I,-   c) a further additive, which is    tetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methane    or stearyl 0-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate, and-   d) a second further additive, which is    tris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.    A further embodiment of the invention relates to an article, which    is made from a composition comprising-   a) an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or    light-induced degradation, which is a polymer, with the proviso that    the polymer is not a polypeptide, agar-agar or a component of    agar-agar, and-   b) a compound of formula I.    The composition can be advantageously used for the preparation of    various shaped articles. Examples for such an article are:

I-1) Floating devices, marine applications, pontoons, buoys, plasticlumber for decks, piers, boats, kayaks, oars, and beach reinforcements.

I-2) Automotive applications, in particular bumpers, dashboards,battery, rear and front linings, moldings parts under the hood, hatshelf, trunk linings, interior linings, air bag covers, electronicmoldings for fittings (lights), panes for dashboards, headlamp glass,instrument panel, exterior linings, upholstery, automotive lights, headlights, parking lights, rear lights, stop lights, interior and exteriortrims; door panels; gas tank; glazing front side; rear windows; seatbacking, exterior panels, wire insulation, profile extrusion forsealing, cladding, pillar covers, chassis parts, exhaust systems, fuelfilter/filler, fuel pumps, fuel tank, body side mouldings, convertibletops, exterior mirrors, exterior trim, fasteners/fixings, front endmodule, glass, hinges, lock systems, luggage/roof racks, pressed/stampedparts, seals, side impact protection, sound deadener/insulator andsunroof.

I-3) Road traffic devices, in particular sign postings, posts for roadmarking, car accessories, warning triangles, medical cases, helmets,tires.

I-4) Devices for plane, railway, motor car (car, motorbike, trucks)including furnishings.

I-5) Devices for space applications, in particular rockets andsatellites, e.g. reentry shields.

I-6) Devices for architecture and design, mining applications, acousticquietized systems, street refuges, and shelters.

II-1) Appliances, cases and coverings in general and electric/electronicdevices (personal computer, telephone, portable phone, printer,television-sets, audio and video devices), flower pots, satellite TVbowl, and panel devices.

II-2) Jacketing for other materials such as steel or textiles.

II-3) Devices for the electronic industry, in particular insulation forplugs, especially computer plugs, cases for electric and electronicparts, printed boards, and materials for electronic data storage such aschips, check cards or credit cards.

II-4) Electric appliances, in particular washing machines, tumblers,ovens (microwave oven), dish-washers, mixers, and irons.

II-5) Covers for lights (e.g. street-lights, lamp-shades).

II-6) Applications in wire and cable (semi-conductor, insulation andcable-jacketing).

II-7) Foils for condensers, refrigerators, heating devices, airconditioners, encapsulating of electronics, semi-conductors, coffeemachines, and vacuum cleaners.

III-1) Technical articles such as cogwheel (gear), slide fittings,spacers, screws, bolts, handles, and knobs.

III-2) Rotor blades, ventilators and windmill vanes, solar devices,swimming pools, swimming pool covers, pool liners, pond liners, closets,wardrobes, dividing walls, slat walls, folding walls, roofs, shutters(e.g. roller shutters), fittings, connections between pipes, sleeves,and conveyor belts.

III-3) Sanitary articles, in particular shower cubicles, lavatory seats,covers, and sinks.

III-4) Hygienic articles, in particular diapers (babies, adultincontinence), feminine hygiene articles, shower curtains, brushes,mats, tubs, mobile toilets, tooth brushes, and bed pans.

III-5) Pipes (cross-linked or not) for water, waste water and chemicals,pipes for wire and cable protection, pipes for gas, oil and sewage,guttering, down pipes, and drainage systems.

III-6) Profiles of any geometry (window panes) and siding.

III-7) Glass substitutes, in particular extruded or co-extruded plates,glazing for buildings (monolithic, twin or multiwall), aircraft,schools, extruded sheets, window film for architectural glazing, train,transportation, sanitary articles, and greenhouse.

III-8) Plates (walls, cutting board), extrusion-coating (photographicpaper, tetrapack and pipe coating), silos, wood substitute, plasticlumber, wood composites, walls, surfaces, furniture, decorative foil,floor coverings (interior and exterior applications), flooring, duckboards, and tiles.

III-9) Intake and outlet manifolds.

III-10) Cement-, concrete-, composite-applications and covers, sidingand cladding, hand rails, banisters, kitchen work tops, roofing, roofingsheets, tiles, and tarpaulins.

IV-1) Plates (walls and cutting board), trays, artificial grass,astroturf, artificial covering for stadium rings (athletics), artificialfloor for stadium rings (athletics), and tapes.

IV-2) Woven fabrics continuous and staple, fibers (carpets/hygienicarticles/geotextiles/monofilaments; filters; wipes/curtains(shades)/medical applications), bulk fibers (applications such asgown/protection clothes), nets, ropes, cables, strings, cords, threads,safety seat-belts, clothes, underwear, gloves; boots; rubber boots,intimate apparel, garments, swimwear, sportswear, umbrellas (parasol,sunshade), parachutes, paraglides, sails, “balloon-silk”, campingarticles, tents, airbeds, sun beds, bulk bags, and bags. Non-wovenfabrics such as medical fabrics and related apparel, industrial apparel,outdoor fabrics, in-home furnishing and construction fabrics.

IV-3) Membranes, insulation, covers and seals for roofs, tunnels, dumps,ponds, dumps, walls roofing membranes, geomembranes, swimming pools,curtains (shades)/sun-shields, awnings, canopies, wallpaper, foodpacking and wrapping (flexible and solid), medical packaging (flexible &solid), airbags/safety belts, arm- and head rests, carpets, centreconsole, dashboard, cockpits, door, overhead console module, door trim,headliners, interior lighting, interior mirrors, parcel shelf, rearluggage cover, seats, steering column, steering wheel, textiles, andtrunk trim.

V) Films (packaging, dump, laminating, agriculture and horticulture,greenhouse, mulch, tunnel, silage), bale wrap, swimming pools, wastebags, wallpaper, stretch film, raffia, desalination film, batteries, andconnectors.

VI-1) Food packing and wrapping (flexible and solid), bottles.

VI-2) Storage systems such as boxes (crates), luggage, chest, householdboxes, pallets, shelves, tracks, screw boxes, packs, and cans.

-   VI-3) Cartridges, syringes, medical applications, containers for any    transportation, waste baskets and waste bins, waste bags, bins, dust    bins, bin liners, wheely bins, container in general, tanks for    water/used water/chemistry/gas/oil/gasoline/diesel; tank liners,    boxes, crates, battery cases, troughs, medical devices such as    piston, ophthalmic applications, diagnostic devices, and packing for    pharmaceuticals blister.

VII-1) Extrusion coating (photo paper, tetrapack, pipe coating),household articles of any kind (e.g. appliances, thermos bottle/clotheshanger), fastening systems such as plugs, wire and cable clamps,zippers, closures, locks, and snap-closures.

VII-2) Support devices, articles for the leisure time such as sports andfitness devices, gymnastics mats, ski-boots, inline-skates, skis, bigfoot, athletic surfaces (e.g. tennis grounds); screw tops, tops andstoppers for bottles, and cans.

VII-3) Furniture in general, foamed articles (cushions, impactabsorbers), foams, sponges, dish clothes, mats, garden chairs, stadiumseats, tables, couches, toys, building kits (boards/figures/balls),playhouses, slides, and play vehicles.

VII-4) Materials for optical and magnetic data storage.

VII-5) Kitchen ware (eating, drinking, cooking, storing).

VII-6) Boxes for CD's, cassettes and video tapes; DVD electronicarticles, office supplies of any kind (ball-point pens, stamps andink-pads, mouse, shelves, tracks), bottles of any volume and content(drinks, detergents, cosmetics including perfumes), and adhesive tapes.

VII-7) Footwear (shoes/shoe-soles), insoles, spats, adhesives,structural adhesives, food boxes (fruit, vegetables, meat, fish),synthetic paper, labels for bottles, couches, artificial joints (human),printing plates (flexographic), printed circuit boards, and displaytechnologies.

VII-8) Devices of filled polymers (talc, chalk, china clay (kaolin),wollastonite, pigments, carbon black, TiO₂, mica, nanocomposites,dolomite, silicates, glass, asbestos).

Preferred is an article, which is a film, pipe, profile, bottle, tank,container or fiber.

Preferred is an article, which is moulded. In particular, the mouldingis effected by injection, blow, compression, roto-moulding,slush-moulding or extrusion.

A further embodiment to the invention relates to the use of a compoundof formula I, i.e. component b), for stabilizing an organic materialsusceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation, which isa polymer, an oligohydroxy compound, a wax, a fat or a mineral oil, withthe proviso that the polymer is not a polypeptide, agar-agar or acomponent of agar-agar and the oligohydroxy compound is not glucose or acomponent of agar-agar, i.e. component a), against degradation byoxidation, heat or light.

Preferred is the use of component b) for stabilizing a polyurethane inthe form of a foam against scorching.

Preferred is the use of a compound of formula I for stabilizing anorganic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induceddegradation in combination with a further additive against degradationby oxidation, heat or light.

Preferred is the use of a compound of formula I for stabilizing anorganic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induceddegradation in combination with a further additive, which is a phenolicantioxidant or a phosphite or phosphonite, against degradation byoxidation, heat or light.

Preferred is the use of a compound of formula I for stabilizing anorganic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induceddegradation in combination with a further additive, which is a phenolicantioxidant, and a second further additive, which is a phosphite orphosphonite, against degradation by oxidation, heat or light.

Preferred is the use of a compound of formula I for stabilizing anorganic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induceddegradation, which is a polyolefin or a copolymer thereof, incombination with a further additive, which is a phenolic antioxidant,and a second further additive, which is a phosphite or phosphonite,against degradation by oxidation, heat or light.

Processing of a component a) is characterized as short-term exposure ofthe component a) to heat, for example to a temperature in the range of135° C. to 150° C., in particular from 150° C. to 340° C., during thetime of processing of component a). The time of processing is short incomparison to for example the possible time of usage. Usage takestypically place at a temperature, for example 0° C. to 50° C., which isbelow the temperature during processing.

Preferred is the use of component b) for stabilizing a component a)against oxidative or thermal degradation during processing.

Compounds of formula I are partly known and partly new. Severalsynthetic routes to known compounds of formula I are described inliterature.

Compounds of formula I can be prepared by cyclocondensation of ananthranilic acid amide derivative of formula II with a formylbenzoicacid derivative of formula Ill

in the prescence of a solvent, wherein the substituents R₁ to R₉ aredefined as in formula I.

Preferred are organic solvents, especially dimethylformamide,dimethylacetamide and ethoxyethanol.

A further embodiment of the invention relates to a compound of formula I

wherein

-   n is 1,-   R₅ is C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy, C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy,    C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy or NR′₁R′₂;-   3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and 2 substituents out of R₆ to R₉    are H and the other remaining 3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and R₆    to R₉ are each independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy or halogen; and-   R′₁ and R′₂ are each independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,    C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl, or    R′₁ and R′₂ form together with the nitrogen atom, to which they are    attached, a pyrrolidine, a piperidine or a morpholine ring, with the    proviso that R′₁ and R′₂ are not both C₁-alkyl.

The following examples illustrate further the invention without limitingit. Percentage values are percentage by weight if not stateddifferently.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of Compound (101)

-   89.8 g (0.65 mol) anthranilic acid amide and 100.0 g (0.65 mol)    phthalaldehydic acid are mixed with 900 ml DMA and heated under    stirring at 170° C. for 4 h. After cooling to 10° C. 400 ml    dichloromethane are added, the white precipitate is filtered on a    suction filter and washed twice with 100 ml dichloromethane. The    product is dried at 50° C. under vacuum overnight. Yield 138.0 g    (85% of theory), white crystals, mp. 286° C.-   ¹H-NMR ([ppm], DMSO-d6): 6.50 (s, 1 H, CH), 7.35-8.05 (m, 8 H, arom.    H), 9.45 (s, 1 H, NH)-   LC/MS (ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=251

EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of Compound (102)

Preparation from 2-amino-N-methyl-benzamide and phthalaldehydic acid inanalogy to compound (101)/yield: 93% of theory/mp. 183° C./LC/MS (ACPIpos. mode): [M+1]=265.

EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of Compound (103)

Preparation from 2-amino-N-phenyl-benzamide and6-formyl-2,3-dimethoxy-benzoic acid in analogy to compound (101)/yield:100% of theory/mp. 221° C./LC/MS (ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=387.

EXAMPLE 4 Preparation of Compound (104)

Preparation from 2-amino-N-phenyl-benzamide and phthalaldehydic acid inanalogy to compound (101)/yield: 68% of theory/mp. 202° C./LC/MS (ACPIpos. mode): [M+1]=327.

EXAMPLE 5 Preparation of Compound (105)

Preparation from 2-amino-4-methyl-benzamide and phthalaldehydic acid inanalogy to compound (101)/yield: 85% of theory/mp. 257° C./LC/MS (ACPIpos. mode): [M+1]=265.

EXAMPLE 6 Preparation of Compound (106)

Preparation from 2-amino-5-chloro-benzamide and phthalaldehydic acid inanalogy to compound (101)/yield: 100% of theory/mp. 285° C./LC/MS (ACPIpos. mode): [M+1]=285.

EXAMPLE 7 Preparation of Compound (107)

Preparation from 2-amino-5-chloro-benzamide and6-formyl-2,3-dimethoxy-benzoic acid in analogy to compound (101)/yield:90% of theory/mp. 300° C./LC/MS (ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=345.

EXAMPLE 8 Preparation of Compound (108)

Preparation from anthranilic acid amide and6-formyl-2,3-dimethoxy-benzoic acid in analogy to compound (101)/yield:100% of theory/mp. 290° C./LC/MS (ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=311.

EXAMPLE 9 Preparation of Compound (109)

Preparation from 2-amino-N-dodecyl-benzamide and6-formyl-2,3-dimethoxy-benzoic acid in analogy to compound (101)/yield:46% of theory/mp. 93° C./LC/MS (ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=419.

EXAMPLE 10 Preparation of Compound (110)

Preparation from 2-amino-4-methyl-benzamide and6-formyl-2,3-dimethoxy-benzoic acid in analogy to compound (101)/yield:83% of theory/mp. 293° C./LC/MS (ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=325.

EXAMPLE 11 Preparation of Compound (111)

Preparation from 2-amino-N-hexyl-benzamide and phthalaldehydic acid inanalogy to compound (101)/yield: 53% of theory/mp. 66° C./LC/MS (ACPIpos. mode): [M+1]=335.

EXAMPLE 12 Preparation of Compound (112)

Preparation from 2-amino-N-cyclohexyl-benzamide and phthalaldehydic acidin analogy to compound (101)/yield: 36% of theory/mp. 175° C./LC/MS(ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=333.

EXAMPLE 13 Preparation of Compound (113)

0.50 g (3.3 mmol) 2-amino-N-hydroxy-benzamide and 0.49 g (3.3 mmol)phthalaldehydic acid are mixed with 5 ml ethoxyethanol and heated understirring at 130° C. for 4 h. After cooling to room temperature 5 mlwater are added, the white precipitate is filtered on a suction filterand washed twice with 5 ml water. The product is dried at 50° C. undervacuum overnight. Yield 0.65 g (75% of theory), white crystals, mp. 185°C.

-   1H-NMR ([ppm], DMSO-d6): 6.60 (s, 1 H, CH), 7.35-8.10 (m, 8 H, arom.    H), 10.3 (s, 1 H, OH)-   LC/MS (ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=267.

EXAMPLE 14 Preparation of Compound (114)

Analogous to example 13 is prepared compound (114) by reaction of 0.50 g(3.3 mmol) 2-amino-N-hydroxy-benzamide and 0.69 g (3.3 mmol)6-formyl-2,3-dimethoxy-benzoic acid. Yield 1.07 g (100% of theory), mp.240° C.

-   1H-NMR ([ppm], DMSO-d6): 3.30 (s, 6H, CH₃), 6.42 (s, 1H, CH),    7.35-8.05 (m, 6H, arom. H), 10.22 (s, 1H, OH)-   LC/MS (ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=327.

EXAMPLE 15 Preparation of Compound (115)

-   0.60 g (2.5 mmol) 2-amino-N-benzyloxy-benzamide and 0.37 g (2.0    mmol) phthalaldehydic acid are mixed with 6 ml ethoxyethanol and    heated under stirring at 130° C. for 4 h. After cooling to room    temperature the solvent is evaporated, the viscous residue is    triturated with water and the white precipitate is filtered on a    suction filter and washed twice with 5 ml methanol. The product is    dried at 50° C. under vacuum overnight. Yield 0.58 g (64% of    theory), white crystals, mp. 189° C.-   1H-NMR ([ppm], CDCl3): 4.55 (d, 1 H, CH), 5.15 (d, 1 H, CH), 6.25    (s, 1 H, NCH), 7.30-8.20 (m, 13 H, arom. H).-   LC/MS (ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=357

EXAMPLE 16 Preparation of Compound (116)

Analogous to example 16 is prepared compound (116) by reaction of 1.8 g(10.0 mmol) 2-amino-N-methoxy-benzamide and 1.50 g (10.0 mmol)phthalaldehydic acid. Yield 1.35 g (50% of theory), mp. 164° C.

-   1H-NMR ([ppm], CDCl3): 3.75 (s, 3H, CH₃), 6.22 (s, 1H, CH),    7.32-8.20 (m, 8H, arom. H).-   LC/MS (ACPI pos. mode): [M+1]=281

EXAMPLE 17 Stabilization of Polypropylene

Method 1:

The employed mini-extruder, which is commercially available from DSM,enables a flow of the melted polymer in a circle, i.e. two screws in atwin-screw arrangement press the melted polymer to the outlet, which isconnected to the inlet zone of the extruder. The temperature of thesteel barrel of the mini-extruder can be regulated and the inlet zone ofthe extruder can be purged with a gas, which allows the removal ofentrapped air originating from the loading of the polymer sample.Furthermore, a sensor determines the force, which is exerted by themelted polymer onto the barrel during rotation of the two screws. Achange in the viscosity of the melted polymer leads to a change of theforce.

The steel housing of the extruder is set at a temperature of 280° C. andthe inlet zone is set under a nitrogen flow of 20 mL/min. At a screwspeed of 50 rpm, 9 g of a mixture, which consists of 8.955 g of a pipegrade polypropylene random copolymer (d=0.905 g/cm³, melt flow index0.25 g/10 min (230° C./2.16 kg), melting point 142° C. (measured by DSCwith a heating rate of 10 K/min; 99.95% of the overall mixture) and0.0045 g of a compound according to the invention (0.05% of the overallmixture) are loaded. In case of the comparative example 17a), nocompound according to the invention is added. Said polypropylene randomcopolymer itself already contains 0.2%tetrakis-[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]-methane,0.2% 1,3,5-tri-(2,6-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene,0.1% tris-(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite and 0.05% calcium stearate.

Tetrakis-[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methaneis a phenolic antioxidant, which is contained for example in Irganox1010 (RTM BASF), as depicted:

1,3,5-Tri-(2,6-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene is aphenolic antioxidant, which is contained for example in Irganox 1330(RTM BASF), as depicted:

Tris-(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite is a phosphite stabilizer, whichis contained for example in Irgafos 168 (RTM BASF), as depicted:

After loading, the screw speed is set to 100 rpm and the force exertedon the barrel is recorded. The test is conducted for 10 min undernitrogen at a flow rate of 20 mL/min. After a short period, a steadydecrease of the force is recorded. The decrease of the force isquantified as slope of the force-to-time curve, wherein the slope iscalculated between the time period of 7 and 10 minutes. The curve israther linear during said period. The decrease of the force with time istaken as degree of melt-degradation of the polymer sample.

Desired is a minimum of degradation, which is expressed by a small valuefor the slope of the curve. No degradation would mean zero slope. Theresults are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 Example Tested composition Method 1 [slope] 17a) ^(a)) withoutaddition of a compound −0.70 according to the invention with compound17b) ^(b)) (101) −0.20 17c) ^(b)) (102) −0.15 17d) ^(b)) (103) −0.1517e) ^(b)) (104) −0.20 17f) ^(b)) (105) −0.26 17g) ^(b)) (106) −0.2717h) ^(b)) (107) −0.33 17i) ^(b)) (108) −0.34 17j) ^(b)) (109) −0.4017k) ^(b)) (110) −0.44 17l) ^(b)) (111) −0.44 17m) ^(b)) (113) −0.4417n) ^(b)) (114) −0.41 ^(a)) comparative ^(b)) according to theinvention

EXAMPLE 18 Stabilization of Polypropylene

Method 2:

-   2500 g of polypropylene random copolymer (as described in example 17    under method 1 and including the mentioned additives) is blended    with 1.25 g of a compound according to the invention and compounded    under nitrogen at 220° C. with a twin screw extruder. In case of the    comparative example 18a), no compound according to the invention is    added. The pellets are extruded 5 more times at 280° C. under air.    The melt flow of the pellets after the 5^(th) extrusion is measured    at 230° C. with a weight of 5 kg according to ISO 1133:1997.

A very small change of the melt index indicates less degradation.Ideally, there would be no change in melt flow. The results are shown intable 2.

TABLE 2 Method 2 [melt flow (5 kg/230° C.) after 5th Example Testedcomposition extrusion in g/10 min] 18a) ^(a)) without addition of acompound 3.35 according to the invention with compound 18b) ^(b)) (101)2.3 Footnotes are listed at table 1.

EXAMPLE 19 Stabilization of Polypropylene

Method 3:

-   2500 g of polypropylene homopolymer (based on Moplen HF500N [RTM    LyondellBasell] with MFI=12 dg/min, but containing additionally    0.05% calcium stearate, 0.04% Irganox 1010, and 0.04% Irgafos 168)    is blended with 1.25 g of a compound according to the invention and    compounded under nitrogen at 220° C. with a twin screw extruder. In    case of the comparative example 19a), no compound according to the    invention is added. The pellets are extruded 5 more times at 280° C.    under air. The melt flow of the pellets after the 5th extrusion is    measured at 230° C. with a weight of 2.16 kg according to ISO    1133:1997.

A very small change of the melt index indicates less degradation.Ideally, there would be no change in melt flow. The results are shown intable 3.

TABLE 3 Method 3 [melt flow (2.16 kg/230° C.) after 5th Example Testedcomposition extrusion in g/10 min] 19a) ^(a)) without addition of acompound 48 according to the invention with compound 19b) ^(b)) (101) 23Footnotes are listed at table 1.

EXAMPLE 20 Stabilization of Polypropylene

-   2 kg Moplen HF501N (RTM LyondellBasell, polypropylene homopolymer    with MFI=10 dg/min, commercial product of LyondelBasell) is mixed    with 0.05% calcium stearate, 0.033% Irganox 1010 and the additives    listed in table 4. The resulting powder is compounded under nitrogen    blanket at 200° C. on a single screw extruder. The composition is    then extruded 5 times at 260° C. under air and samples are taken    after the first, third and fifth extrusion pass. The melt flow index    (=MFI) of the samples is measured according to ISO 1133:1997 and    depicted in table 4.

TABLE 4 MFI (2.16 kg/230° C.) compound Irgafos in g/10 min composition(101) 168 ^(c)) 1^(st) pass 3^(rd) pass 5^(th) pass 1 ^(a)) — 0.067%11.3 16.0 22.4 2 ^(b)) 0.011% 0.026% 11.0 14.7 20.0 Footnotes ^(a)) and^(b)) are listed at table 1. ^(c)) phosphite stabilizer described atexample 17

The results of table 4 indicate that composition 2 provides a bettermelt stability than composition 1 despite of the replacement of 0.041%Irgafos 168 with only 0.011% of compound (101).

EXAMPLE 21 Stabilization of Polypropylene

-   2 kg Moplen HF500N (RTM LyondellBassell, polypropylene homopolymer    with MFI=10 dg/min) is mixed with 0.05% calcium stearate, 0.033%    Irganox 1010 and the additives listed in table 5. The resulting    powder is compounded under nitrogen blanket at 200° C. on a single    screw extruder. The compounded composition is then extruded 5 times    at 260° C. under air and samples are taken initially and after the    first, third and fifth extrusion pass. The melt flow index (=MFI)    according to ISO 1133:1997 and the yellowness index (=YI) according    to ASTM D1925 75 (C/2) of the samples are measured and depicted in    table 5. Furthermore, a 2 mm tensile bar 5A is generated by    injection-molding at 240° C. and this initial sample is put in an    oven at 135° C. and visually inspected twice a week. The time to    first signs of degradation (chalking) is monitored and depicted in    table 5.

TABLE 5 composition 1^(a)) 2^(a)) 3^(a)) 4^(a)) 5^(b)) 6^(b)) Irgafos168^(c)) 0.077% 0.067% 0.037% 0.026% 0.030% 0.026% compound (101) — — —— 0.007% 0.011% MFI (2.16 kg/230° C.) in g/10 min initially — 11.1 12.2— 12.6 14 1^(st) pass — 15.7 17.5 — 15.9 15.2 3^(rd) pass — 19.3 27.1 —19.8 20.4 5^(th) pass — 26.5 32.2 — 26.4 25.2 YI initially — 0.3 0.3 —0.2 0.1 1^(st) pass — 1.3 1.3 — 0.3 0 3^(rd) pass — 2.6 3.1 — 1.3 1.85^(th) pass — 4.5 3.6 — 2.9 2.8 Long term thermal stability 75 68 75 5868 68 135° C. in days to embrittlement Footnotes are listed at table 4.The MFI results indicate that composition 5, where 0.037% Irgafos 168 isreplaced with only 0.007% compound (101), has a similar melt stabilityas the reference composition 2. Additionally, it is observed that thecompositions 5 and 6 containing both compound (101) show slightly lessdiscoloration (YI 2.9 and 2.8) than the reference compositions 2 and 3(YI 4.5 and 3.6). The oven aging results indicate that compound (101)does not influence the thermal stability of the samples.

EXAMPLE 22 Stabilization of Polyethylene

Polyethylene MG9641 (an unstabilized PE-HD grade of Borealis in powderform) is compounded with the additives as listed in table 6 on a singlescrew extruder at 180° C. under nitrogen blanked. The composition isthen extruded 5 times at 260° C. under air and samples are taken afterthe first, third and fifth extrusion pass. The melt flow index (=MFI) ofthe samples is measured according to ISO 1133:1997.

This polymer type tends to increase molecular mass during processing dueto branching. Hence, higher MFIs indicate less branching, which meansbetter melt stability during extrusion. The results are depicted intable 6.

TABLE 6 composition 1 ^(a)) 2 ^(b)) Irganox 1010 ^(d)) — 0.05% Irgafos168 ^(c)) — 0.02% compound (101) — 0.02% MFI (2.16 kg/190° C.) in g/10min 1^(st) pass 7.50 7.40 3^(rd) pass 4.80 7.70 5^(th) pass 3.25 7.10MFI (5 kg/190° C.) in g/10 min 1^(st) pass 21.4 23.0 3^(rd) pass 16.922.2 5^(th) pass 12.3 21.2 Footnotes ^(a)), ^(b)) and ^(c)) are listedat table 4. ^(d)) phenolic antioxidant described at example 17The small changes of the MFI values at composition 2 containing compound(101) indicate a good processing stability.

EXAMPLE 23 Stabilization of Polyethylene

Exxon LD100MED (RTM ExxonMobile Chemicals, an unstabilized PE-LD grade)is ground to powder and compounded with the additives as listed in table7 on a single screw extruder at 180° C. under nitrogen blanked. Thecomposition is then extruded 5 times at 260° C. under air and samplesare taken after the first, third and fifth extrusion pass. The melt flowindex (=MFI) of the samples is measured according to ISO 1133:1997.

This polymer type tends to increase molecular mass during processing dueto branching. So higher MFIs indicate less branching, which means bettermelt stability during extrusion. The results are depicted in table 7.

TABLE 7 composition 1 ^(a)) 2 ^(a)) 3 ^(b)) Irganox 1076 ^(e)) 0.05%0.05% 0.05% Irgafos 38 ^(f)) — 0.05% 0.02% compound (101) — — 0.01% MFI(2.16 kg/190° C.) in g/10 min 1^(st) pass 2.10 2.25 2.20 3^(rd) pass2.00 2.25 2.10 5^(th) pass 1.90 2.10 2.10 Footnotes ^(a)) and ^(b)) arelisted at table 1. ^(e)) Irganox 1076 [RTM BASF] contains as a phenolicantioxidant a component as depicted

and for which one chemical name is stearylβ-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate ^(f)) Irgafos 38 [RTMBASF] contains as a phosphite stabilizer a component as depicted

and for which one chemical name isbis-(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methyl-phenyl)-ethyl phosphite.The MFI values of composition 2 and of composition 3 are very similardespite of replacement of 0.03% Irgafos 38 with only 0.01% component(101).

The invention claimed is:
 1. A composition, which comprises a) anorganic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induceddegradation, said material is one or more selected from the groupconsisting of a polymer, an oligohydroxy compound, a wax, a fat and amineral oil, with the proviso that the polymer is not a polypeptide,agar-agar or a component of agar-agar and the oligohydroxy compound isnot glucose or a component of agar-agar; and b) a compound of formula I

wherein when n is 1, R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl,C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl,C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyl, C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl,C₃-C₁₂-alkinyl, OH, C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy,C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl,carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₃₀-alkyl,which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₂-C₁₆-alkyl, which isinterrupted by one sulfur atom, or NR′₁R′₂; when n is 2, R₅ isC₁-C₁₂-alkane-diyl, C₆-C₁₄-arylene,C₄-C₈-cycloalkane-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene),C₆-C₁₄-arene-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene), C₄-C₂₄-alkane-diyl, which isinterrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₄-C₂₀-alkane-diyl, which isinterrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or—N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-, piperazine-N,N′-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) orC₂-C₁₀-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom; when n is3, R₅ is C₅-C₁₂-alkane-triyl, C₅-C₂₄-alkane-triyl, which is interruptedby one or more oxygen atoms, C₅-C₂₄-alkane-triyl, which is interruptedby one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-; whenn is 4, R₅ is C₅-C₂₄-alkane-tetrayl, C₆-C₂₄-alkane-tetrayl, which isinterrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or C₆-C₂₄-alkane-tetrayl, whichis interrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or—N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-; n is 1, 2, 3 or 4; R₁ to R₄ and R₆ to R₉ areeach independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl,C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy, C₁-C₁₂-alkylsulfanyl,hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, halogen, NR″₁R″₂, NO₂, CN, phenyl, phenyloxy or R₁and R₂ or R₂ and R₃ or R₃ and R₄ or R₆ and R₇ or R₇ and R₈ or R₈ and R₉are linked together to form a five- or 6-membered alicylic, aromatic orheterocyclic ring together with their 2 corresponding carbons atoms, towhich they are attached; and R′₁, R′₂, R″₁ and R″₂ are eachindependently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl,hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstitutedor substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl,C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, or carboxy-C₆-C₁₀-aryl, or R′₁ andR′₂ or R″₁ and R″₂ form together with the nitrogen atom, to which theyare attached, a 5- or 6-membered alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclicring.
 2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the organicmaterial is a polyolefin or a copolymer thereof, a polystyrene or acopolymer thereof, a polyurethane or a copolymer thereof, a polyether,which is obtainable by the polycondensation of an expoxide, an oxetaneor tetrahydrofuran, or a copolymer thereof, a polyol, a polyester or acopolymer thereof, a polycarbonate or a copolymer thereof, a polyvinylchloride or a copolymer thereof, a polyvinylidene chloride or acopolymer thereof, a polysulfone or a copolymer thereof, a polybutadieneor a copolymer thereof, a polyvinylacetate or a copolymer thereof, apolyvinylalcohol or a copolymer thereof, polyvinylacetale or a copolymerthereof, a polyamide, which is obtainable by polycondensation of adiamine and a dicarboxylic acid, or a copolymer thereof, a polyamide,which is obtainable by polycondensation of H₂N—(CH₂)_(x)—CH₂—COOH withx=1 to 10, or a copolymer thereof, an oligohydroxy compound, a wax, afat or a mineral oil.
 3. The composition according to claim 1, whereinin formula I when n is 1, R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl,C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl,C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyl, C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl,C₃-C₁₂-alkinyl, OH, C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy,C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl,carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₃₀-alkyl,which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₂-C₁₆-alkyl, which isinterrupted by one sulfur atom, or NR′₁R′₂; when n is 2, R₅ isC₁-C₁₂-alkane-diyl, C₆-C₁₄-arylene,C₄-C₈-cycloalkane-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene),C₆-C₁₄-arene-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene), C₄-C₂₄-alkane-diyl, which isinterrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, C₄-C₂₀-alkane-diyl, which isinterrupted by one or more —NH—, —N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or—N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-, piperazine-N.N′-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) orC₂-C₁₀-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one sulfur atom; n is 1 or2; R₁ to R₄ and R₆ to R₉ are each independently from each other H,C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy,C₁-C₁₂-alkylsulfanyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, halogen, NR″₁R″₂, NO₂, CN,phenyl, phenyloxy or R₁ and R₂ or R₂ and R₃ or R₃ and R₄ or R₆ and R₇ orR₇ and R₈ or R₈ and R₉ are linked together to form a five- or 6-memberedalicylic, aromatic or heterocyclic ring together with their 2corresponding carbons atoms; and R′₁, R′₂, R″₁ and R″₂ are eachindependently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl,hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstitutedor substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl,C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, or carboxy-C₆-C₁₀-aryl, or R′₁ andR′₂ or R″₁ and R″₂ form together with the nitrogen atom, to which theyare attached, a 5- or 6-membered alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclicring.
 4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein in formula I whenn is 1, R₅ is H, C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which isunsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₅alkoxy, halogen or onephenyl, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyl, C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₃-C₁₂-alkinyl, OH,C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy, C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy,C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₃₀-alkyl, which is interruptedby one or more oxygen atoms, C₂-C₁₆-alkyl, which is interrupted by onesulfur atom, or NR′₁R′₂; when n is 2, R₅ is C₁-C₁₂-alkane-diyl,C₄-C₂₄-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms,C₄-C₂₀-alkane-diyl, which is interrupted by one or more —NH—,—N(C₁-C₈-alkyl)- or —N(hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl)-,piperazine-N,N′-bis-(C₁-C₄-alkylene) or C₂-C₁₀-alkane-diyl, which isinterrupted by one sulfur atom; n is 1 or 2; 2 substituents out of R₁ toR₄ and 2 substituents out of R₆ to R₉ are H and the other remaining 4substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and R₆ to R₉ are each independently fromeach other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl,C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy, C₁-C₁₂-alkylsulfanyl, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, halogen,NR″₁R″₂, NO₂, CN, phenyl, phenyloxy; and R′₁, R′₂, R″₁ and R″₂ are eachindependently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl,hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstitutedor substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl, C₁-C₈-alkoxy, halogen or one phenyl,C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl, carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl,C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, or carboxy-C₆-C₁₀-aryl, or R′₁ andR′₂ or R″₁ and R″₂ form together with the nitrogen atom, to which theyare attached, a pyrrolidine, a piperidine or a morpholine ring.
 5. Thecomposition according to claim 1, wherein in formula I n is 1, R₅ is H,C₁-C₃₀-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which is unsubstituted orsubstituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl or C₁-C₈-alkoxy, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyl,C₂-C₂₂-alkenyl, OH, C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy,C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy, hydroxy-C₁-C₈-alkyl,carboxy-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxycarbonyl-C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₂-C₃₀-alkyl,which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or NR′₁R′₂; 3substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and 2 substituents out of R₆ to R₉ are Hand the other remaining 3 substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and R₆ to R₉ areeach independently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy orhalogen; and R′₁ and R′₂ are each independently from each other H,C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, which isunsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₈-alkyl or C₁-C₈-alkoxy,C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl, or R′₁ and R′₂ form together with the nitrogen atom, towhich they are attached, a pyrrolidine, a piperidine or a morpholinering.
 6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the organicmaterial is a polymer, and said polymer is a polyolefin or a copolymerthereof, a polystyrene or a copolymer thereof, or a polyurethane or acopolymer thereof.
 7. The composition according to claim 1, whereincomponent b) is contained in an amount of 0.0005% to 10% based on theweight of component a).
 8. The composition according to claim 1, furthercomprising an additive component c).
 9. The composition according toclaim 8, wherein component c) comprises a phosphite or phosphonite, anacid scavenger, a phenolic antioxidant or an aminic antioxidant.
 10. Thecomposition according to claim 8 wherein component c) is a phenolicantioxidant, a phosphite or phosphonite.
 11. The composition accordingto claim 8, wherein component c) istetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methaneor stearyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate.
 12. Thecomposition according to claim 8, wherein component c) istris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.
 13. The composition according toclaim 8, wherein the weight ratio of component b) to component c) isfrom 4:1 to 1:20, and the combined amount of component b) and componentc) is below 80% based on the weight of component a).
 14. The compositionaccording to claim 8 further comprising component d), a second additive,which is a phosphite or phosphonite, an acid scavenger, a phenolicantioxidant or an aminic antioxidant, with the proviso that component d)is different than component c).
 15. The composition according to claim14 wherein c) is a phenolic antioxidant, and d) is a phosphite orphosphonite.
 16. The composition according to claim 15, whereincomponent c) istetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methaneor stearyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate.
 17. Thecomposition according to claim 15, wherein component d) istris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.
 18. The composition according toclaim 15, wherein component c) istetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methaneor stearyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate, andcomponent d) is tris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.
 19. A method forprotection of an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal orlight-induced degradation as defined in claim 1, said method comprisingincorporating into or applying onto said organic material a compound offormula I.
 20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the organicmaterial is a polymer, and incorporation of the compound of formula Iinto the organic material is accomplished in part or entirely at atemperature between 135° C. to 350° C.
 21. A compound of formula I

wherein n is 1, R₅ is C₁-C₃₀-alkyloxy, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyloxy,C₆-C₁₂-aryloxy, C₇-C₁₃-aralkyloxy or NR′₁R′₂; 3 substituents out of R₁to R₄ and 2 substituents out of R₆ to R₉ are H and the other remaining 3substituents out of R₁ to R₄ and R₆ to R₉ are each independently fromeach other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkoxy or halogen; and R′₁ and R′₂ are eachindependently from each other H, C₁-C₁₂-alkyl, C₃-C₁₀-cycloalkyl,C₃-C₂₂-alkenyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl, C₇-C₁₂-aralkyl, or R′₁ and R′₂ formtogether with the nitrogen atom, to which they are attached, apyrrolidine, a piperidine or a morpholine ring, with the proviso thatR′₁ and R′₂ are not both C₁-alkyl.
 22. An additive composition, whichcomprises b) the compound of formula I of claim 1, and c) a furtheradditive selected from a phosphite, a phosphonite, an acid scavenger, aphenolic antioxidant, an aminic antioxidant, or a mixture thereof. 23.The additive composition according to claim 22, wherein component c) isa phenolic antioxidant, a phosphite, or a phosphonite.
 24. The additivecomposition according to claim 22, wherein component c) istetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methane,stearyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate ortris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.
 25. The additive compositionaccording to claim 22 wherein c) is a phenolic antioxidant, and furthercomprising d) a second additive, which is a phosphite or phosphonite.26. The additive composition according to claim 25, wherein component c)istetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methaneor stearyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate.
 27. Theadditive composition according to claim 25, wherein component d) istris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.
 28. The additive compositionaccording to claim 25, wherein component c) istetrakis-[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyloxymethyl]methaneor stearylβ-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate and componentd) is tris-(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phosphite.